Increasing delay as a strategy to prove stability (Q6939419)

In this paper, the authors discuss the so-called expansion strategy for analysing stability in difference equations with delay. The idea is to increase the delay through successive substitutions, creating a sequence of difference equations whose stability properties can be easier to study. The authors first treat the linear case, showing how this process relates the spectra of the original and expanded systems and providing conditions under which stability can be confirmed. This approach offers an alternative to Jury's algorithm and complements existing work on Schur stability. Subsequently, the authors extend the method to nonlinear systems, proving local stability results via linearisation and showing that global stability can be established by combining expansion with the embedding technique. Finally, the authors present several examples, including population models of Ricker and Clark type, to illustrate how the strategy simplifies computations and broadens the range of parameters for which stability can be proved.