Vanishing ideals of lattice diagram determinants (Q696909)

A lattice diagram is a collection of lattice cells \(L=\{(p_1,q_1),\ldots,(p_n,q_n)\}\), \(p_i,q_i\in\mathbb{N}\cup\{0\}\). The lattice diagram determinant of \(L\) is \(\Delta_L(X_n;Y_n)=\det(x_i^{p_j}y_i^{q_j}/p_j!q_j!)_{i,j=1}^n\). The vector space \(M_L\) spanned by all partial derivatives of \(\Delta_L(X_n;Y_n)\) is a bigraded \(S_n\)-module. The Garsia-Haiman \(n!\) conjecture states that, for \(L=\mu\vdash n\) being a partition, \(\dim M_{\mu}=n!\). \(M_{\mu}\) is a graded version of the left regular representation of \(S_n\), and its graded character is given by a renormalization of the Macdonald polynomial. Recently this conjecture was established in the affirmative in [\textit{M. Haiman}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 14, 941-1006 (2001; Zbl 1009.14001)]. A very natural and combiantorial recursive approach to this result involves diagrams obtained by removing a single cell from a partition diagram. This case was investigated in [\textit{F. Bergeron, N. Bergeron, A. M. Garsia, M. Haiman}, and \textit{G. Tesler}, Adv. Math. 142, 244-334 (1999; Zbl 0934.05122)] where various new conjectures were formulated. To pursue the investigation of \(M_L\), the present authors are interested in an explicit description of the vanishing ideal \(I_L=\{P(X_n;Y_n)\in\mathbb{Q}[X_n;Y_n]\mid P(\partial X_n;\partial Y_n)\Delta_L(X_n;Y_n)=0\}\) of differential operators on the spaces \(M_L\). A step in this program is to describe the vanishing ideal \(I_L^0\) on the \(Y\)-free component \(M_L^0\) of \(M_L\). The main results of the paper give good sets of generators for the ideal \(I_L^0\) in the case where \(L\) is a partition \(\mu\) or a partition with a hole \(\mu/ij\). The description for \(L=\mu\) is dual to that of [\textit{T. Tanisaki}, Tohoku Math. J., II. Ser. 34, 575-585 (1982; Zbl 0544.14030)] and that for \(L=\mu/ij\) is new. The proofs are based on careful study of the effect of partially symmetric differential operators on lattice diagram determinants.