Continuity properties of folding entropy (Q6976039)

In this present paper, the authors study a \(C^r\) map \(f\) (\(r > 1\)) on a compact Riemannian manifold \(M\). This work connects to the foundational study of entropy production by \textit{D. Ruelle} [J. Stat. Phys. 95, No. 1--2, 393--468 (1999; Zbl 0934.37010); J. Stat. Phys. 85, No. 1--2, 1--23 (1996; Zbl 0973.37014)] for systems \((M, f, \mu)\), where \(\mu\) is a nonequilibrium steady state, often an SRB measure. The authors' primary aim is to elucidate the mechanism behind the upper semi-continuity of folding entropy. To achieve this, they introduce a new concept termed the \textit{degenerate rate}, which quantifies the complexity of \(f\) in the vicinity of its degenerate set \(\Sigma_f := \{x \in M : \mathrm{Jac}(D_x f) = 0\}\). Their main result establishes that folding entropy is upper semi-continuous on any collection of measures that possesses a uniform degenerate rate.\N\NLet \(f\) be a \(C^r\) (\(r > 1\)) map on a compact Riemannian manifold \(M\). The authors prove that the folding entropy \( \mu \mapsto F_f(\mu) \) is upper semi-continuous on \(\mathcal{P}_{\overline{\eta}}(f)\). Note that the map\N\[\N\mu \;\longmapsto\; \int \log \bigl| \operatorname{Jac}(D_x f) \bigr| \, d\mu\N\]\Nis continuous on \(\mathcal{P}_{\overline{\eta}}(f)\), since the integral on the neighborhoods of \(\mathcal{F}\) is uniformly controlled, where \(\mathcal{P}_{\overline{\eta}}(f)\) collects all the probability measures with the degenerate rate \(\bar{\eta}\). The authors prove that the metric entropy \( \mu \;\longmapsto\; h_\mu(f) \) is upper semi-continuous on the set of all \(f\)-invariant Borel probability measures with uniform degenerate rate \(\overline{\eta}\).\N\NAlso, they prove that any hyperbolic ergodic measure of \(f\) is exact dimensional, and that the Hausdorff dimension \( \mu \;\longmapsto\; \dim_H(\mu) \) is upper semi-continuous at all hyperbolic measures in \(\mathcal{M}_{\bar{\eta}, \mathrm{erg}}(f)\). For any \(1 < r < \infty\), the authors prove that there exist \(C^{r}\) interval maps admitting ergodic measures with positive entropy as the non-upper semi-continuity points of the metric (or folding) entropy.