The global Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture for unitary groups. II: From Eisenstein series to Bessel periods (Q6977090)

The goal of this paper is two-fold. First, they state and prove an extension of the results established in the paper by the authors together with \textit{M. Zydor} [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 135, 183--336 (2022; Zbl 1537.11072)] from the case of discrete Hermitian Arthur parameters to the case of \(H\)-regular Hermitian Arthur parameters (some Eisenstein series). Second, they show that this extension, when applied to some specific Eisenstein series, implies the global Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture and its refinement à la Ichino-Ikeda for general Bessel periods of unitary groups.\N\NLet \(E\) be a quadratic extension of a number field \(F\). A regular Hermitian Arthur parameter of \(G_n=\operatorname{GL}_n(E)\) is by definition an automorphic representation \(\Pi\) on \(G_n\) such that \(\Pi\) is isomorphic to\N\[\NInd_Q^{G_n}\Pi_1\boxtimes \ldots\boxtimes\Pi_r\boxtimes\Pi_0\boxtimes\Pi_r^*\boxtimes\ldots\boxtimes\Pi_1^*\N\]\Nwhere \(Q\) is a parabolic subgroup of \(G_n\) with Levi factor \(G_{n_1}\times\ldots G_{n_r}\times G_{n_0}\times G_{n_r}\times\ldots\times G_{n_1}\) with \(n_0+2(n_1+\ldots+n_r)=n\) such that\N\begin{itemize}\N\item \(\Pi_0\) is a discrete Hermitian Arthur parameter of \(G_{n_0}\),\N\item \(\Pi_i\) is cuspidal automorphic representations of \(G_{n_i}\),\N\item \(\Pi_1,\ldots,\Pi_r,\Pi_r^*,\ldots,\Pi_1^*\) are mutually non-isomorphic.\N\end{itemize}\NNow consider two regular Hermitian Arthur parameters \(\Pi_n\) and \(\Pi_{n+1}\) of \(G_n\) and \(G_{n+1}\) respectively, then \(\Pi=\Pi_n\boxtimes \Pi_{n+1}\) is called a \(H\)-regular Hermitian Arthur parameter of \(G=G_n\times G_{n+1}\) if \(\Pi_{i,n}\) is not isomorphic to the contragredient of \(\Pi_{j,n+1}\) for any positive pair \((i,j)\).\N\NThe first main result is that the Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture holds for \(\Pi_\lambda\) (where \(\lambda\) is a relevant complex parameter) when \(\Pi\) is a \(H\)-regular Hermitian Arthur parameter, namely the central value \(L(\frac12,\Pi_\lambda)\not=0\) is equivalent to the existence of unitary group with \(\Pi\) being a weak lift of an Eisenstein series representation \(\mathcal{E}\) on the unitary group and the Gan-Gross-Prasad period of \(\mathcal{E}\) is nonzero. The more precise quantitative version of the conjecture (of Ichino-Ikeda type) is also established for \(\Pi\).\N\NThe majority of the paper is devoted to the proof of above result. The second main result is established in section 8. While the proof is short, the result is striking. The authors applied the above result to a special class of \(H-\)regular Hermitian parameters and derived the Gan-Gross-Prasad (and Ichino-Ikeda) conjecture for the Bessel periods of discrete Hermitian parameters. The paper therefore brilliantly resolved the Ichino-Ikeda type conjecture for unitary groups.