The majorization function and the index of invariant subspaces in the Bergman spaces. (Q698319)

The index of an invariant subspace \({\mathcal M}\) of a Bergman space \(L^2_a\) on the open unit disc is defined by \(\text{ind\;}{\mathcal M}= \dim\;{\mathcal M}\ominus z{\mathcal M}\). The authors provide a strong link between high index and nontangential boundary behaviour of the functions in an invariant subspace. For example, they show the following: Suppose that \({\mathcal M}\in \text{Lat}(M_z, L^2_a)\) and \(\text{ind }{\mathcal M}= 1\), where \(\text{Lat}(M_z,L^2_a)\) denotes the collection of invariant subspaces of the multiplication operator \(M_z\) on \(L^2_a\). If the majorization function \(k_{\mathcal M}\) has a positive nontangential limit inferior on a set of positive measure in the unit circle, then every \({\mathcal N}\in \text{Lat}(M_z,L^2_a)\) with \({\mathcal M}\subseteq{\mathcal N}\) has index 1. Conversely, if \(p= 2\) and if every invariant subspace \({\mathcal N}\) containing \({\mathcal M}\) has index one, then the nontangential limit inferior of \(k_{\mathcal M}\) is bounded away from zero on a set of positive measure.