Euler equations in Sobolev conormal spaces (Q6987010)

The authors consider the 3D incompressible Euler equations: \(u_{t}+u\cdot \nabla u+\nabla p=0\), \(\nabla \cdot u=0\), \((x,t)\in \Omega \times (0,T)\), with the slip boundary condition \(u\cdot n=0\) on \(\partial \Omega \times (0,T)\), where \(\Omega =\mathbb{R}_{+}^{3}\) and \(n\) is the unit outward normal. \N\NThe main result of the paper proves the local-in-time existence and uniqueness, in Sobolev conormal spaces, of a solution to this problem. If the initial data \(u_{0}\) belongs to \(H_{co}^{4}(\Omega)\cap W_{co}^{2,\infty}(\Omega)\cap W^{1,\infty}(\Omega)\) and satisfies \(divu_{0}=0\), and \(u_{0}\cdot n=0\) on \(\partial \Omega\), then for some positive \(T\), there exists a unique solution \(u\in L^{\infty}(0,T;H_{co}^{4}(\Omega)\cap W_{co}^{2,\infty}(\Omega)\cap W^{1,\infty}(\Omega))\) to the above Euler equations such that \(sup_{[0,T]}(\left\Vert u(t)\right\Vert_{4}^{2}+\left\Vert u(t)\right\Vert_{2,\infty}^{2}+\left\Vert \nabla u(t)\right\Vert_{L^{\infty}}^{2})\leq M\), for some positive \(M\) depending on the norms of the initial data. Here \(H_{co}^{m}(\Omega)=\{f\in L^{2}(\Omega):\partial_{\alpha}f\in L^{2}(\Omega)\), \(\alpha \in \mathbb{N}_{0}^{3}\), \(0\leq \left\vert \alpha \right\vert \leq m\}\) and \(W_{co}^{m,\infty}(\Omega)=\{f\in L^{\infty}(\Omega):\partial_{\alpha}f\in L^{\infty}(\Omega)\), \(\alpha \in \mathbb{N}_{0}^{3}\), \(0\leq \left\vert \alpha \right\vert \leq m\}\). \N\NFor the proof, the authors establish conormal, pressure, and \(L^{\infty}\) estimates on a solution to the Euler equations. They introduce a sequence \(\{u_{0}^{r}\}_{r>0}\) of divergence-free and smooth \(C^{\infty}(\Omega)\) functions that are tangential on the boundary. In particular, \(u_{0}^{r}\) belongs to \(H^{5}(\Omega)\) for all \(r\), \(u_{0}^{r}\rightarrow u_{0}\) strongly in \(H_{co}^{4}(\Omega)\), and \(u_{0}^{r}\rightharpoonup u_{0}\) weakly-\(^{\ast}\) in \(W_{co}^{2,\infty}(\Omega)\cap W^{1,\infty}(\Omega)\), as \(r\rightarrow 0\). They establish uniform estimates on the solution \(u^{r}\in C([0,T_{max}^{r});H^{5}(\Omega))\) to the Euler equations with initial data \(u_{0}^{r}\). They prove that \(u^{r}\in L^{\infty}(0,T_{0};H_{co}^{4}(\Omega)\cap W_{co}^{2,\infty}(\Omega)\cap W^{1,\infty}(\Omega))\) with uniform bounds in \(r\), and that the sequence of approximate solutions is Cauchy in \(L^{\infty}(0,T_{0};L^{2}(\Omega))\). This allows passing to the limit when \(r\rightarrow 0\).