Restricting statistical-star-\(\gamma\) covers up-to order \(\alpha\) \((0<\alpha <1)\) (Q6993703)

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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 8030658
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    Restricting statistical-star-\(\gamma\) covers up-to order \(\alpha\) \((0<\alpha <1)\)
    scientific article; zbMATH DE number 8030658

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      Restricting statistical-star-\(\gamma\) covers up-to order \(\alpha\) \((0<\alpha <1)\) (English)
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      25 April 2025
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      Let \(A\) be a subset of the set of natural numbers \(\mathbb{N}\). The statistical density of order \(\alpha\) of \(A\) is defined as \(\delta^\alpha(A)=\lim\limits_{n\to \infty}\dfrac{|\{k\leqslant n\ \mid k\in A\}|}{n^{\alpha}}\) if the limit exists, where \(0<\alpha\leqslant 1\). \(\delta^1(A)\) is simply denoted by \(\delta(A)\), and is called the statistical density of \(A\). Let \(X\) be a topological space and \(\mathcal{U}=\{U_n \mid n\in\mathbb{N}\}\) a countable cover of \(X\). Then the following terminologies were defined in earlier literature listed in the references of the paper:\par\N\begin{itemize}\N\item[1.] \(\mathcal{U}\) is called a \(\gamma\)-cover of \(X\) if for any \(x\in X\), \(|\{n\in\mathbb{N} \mid x\notin U_n\}|<\aleph_0\);\N\item[2.] \(\mathcal{U}\) is called a statistical \(\gamma\) cover of order \(\alpha\) (in short, \(s^\alpha\)-\(\gamma\) cover) of \(X\) if for any \(x\in X\), \(\delta^\alpha(\{n\in\mathbb{N} \mid x\notin U_n\})=0\);\N\item[3.] \(\mathcal{U}\) is called a statistical star \(\gamma\) cover (in short, \(s\)-\(s\)-\(\gamma\) cover) of \(X\) if for any \(x\in X\), \(\delta(\{n\in\mathbb{N} \mid x\notin \mathrm{St}(U_n,\mathcal{U})\})=0\);\N\end{itemize}\NThe authors define the concept that \(\mathcal{U}\) is a statistical star \(\gamma\) cover of order \(\alpha\) (in short, \(s^\alpha\)-\(s\)-\(\gamma\) cover) of \(X\) if for any \(x\in X\), \(\delta^\alpha(\{n\in\mathbb{N} \mid x\notin \mathrm{St}(U_n,\mathcal{U})\})=0\). Then the authors investigate the relations involving \(s^\alpha\)-\(s\)-\(\gamma\) covers and other known concepts and obtain several results.
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      asymptotic density of order \(\alpha\)
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      \(\gamma\)-covers
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      statistical \(\gamma\)-covers
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      star operator
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