Unimodularity and invariant volume forms for Hamiltonian dynamics on coisotropic Poisson homogeneous spaces (Q7033427)

On a \(n\)-dimensional manifold \(M\), the equations of motion defined by a vector field can be integrated by quadrature if they admit \(n-2\) first integrals and an invariant volume form, see, e.g., [\textit{V. V. Kozlov}, Regul. Chaotic Dyn. 18, 329--343 (2013; Zbl 1283.34035)]. When \(M\) is symplectic, having a volume form invariant under all Hamiltonian vector fields has a characterization given by unimodularity (the vanishing of a specific Poisson cohomology class). The present paper investigates the existence of such a volume form on the Poisson homogeneous space \(G/H\). Here, \(G\) is a Poisson-Lie group and \(H\) is a closed Lie subgroup. Furthermore, \(G/H\) is assumed to be equipped with a Poisson structure \(\Pi\) so that the transitive action \(G\times G/H \to G/H\) induced by left multiplication on \(G\) is a Poisson map.\N\NOne of the main results (Theorem 6.4) asserts that if there exists a volume form on \(G/H\) invariant under the Hamiltonian vector field \(X_h^\Pi\) associated with a function \(h:G/H\to \mathbb{R}\) satisfying a Morse condition at \(eH\), then the annihilator \(\mathfrak{h}^0 \subset \mathfrak{g}^\ast\) of \(\mathfrak{h}=\operatorname{Lie}(H)\) (with \(\mathfrak{g}=\operatorname{Lie}(G)\)) is unimodular, i.e., \(\mathfrak{h}^0\) has vanishing modular character, where the latter is the trace of the adjoint action \(\mathfrak{h}^0 \to \operatorname{End}(\mathfrak{h}^0)\) (where one uses the Lie bracket of \(\mathfrak{g}^\ast\) induced by the Lie bialgebra \((\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{g}^\ast)\) which restricts to \(\mathfrak{h}^0\)). Let us also mention Section 2 that deals with volume forms on homogeneous spaces, and the notion of multiplicative unimodularity (Def. 4.6), which could be of independent interest. The Poisson homogeneous spaces that can be built from \(G=\operatorname{SO}(3)\) and \(G=\operatorname{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})\) are considered in Section 5.