Bernstein-Sato ideals and local systems (Q748388)

By results of \textit{M. Kashiwara} [Lect. Notes Math. 1016, 134--142 (1983; Zbl 0566.32022)] and \textit{B. Malgrange} [Astérisque 101--102, 243--267 (1983; Zbl 0528.32007)] the roots of the Bernstein-Sato polynomial of a hypersurface give the monodromy eigenvalues on the Milnor fibre. This paper describes a generalisation to the case of a collection of polynomials. The author conjectures that the Bernstein-Sato ideal is generated by products of linear polynomials of the form \(\alpha_1 s_1+\dots+\alpha_r s_r +\alpha\), with \(\alpha_i\in \mathbb{Q}_{\geq0}\) and \(\alpha\in \mathbb{Q}_{>0}\). He first arrived at it from computing examples in \textsc{Singular}, and the paper evolved out of the effort to understand this behaviour. Let \(F=(f_1,\dots,f_r)\) be a collection of polynomials on \(X=\mathbb{C}^n\), to be considered locally at a point \(x\in X\), with zero set \(D=\bigcup V(f_j)\). In this situation the generalisation of Deligne's nearby cycle functor is the Sabbah specialisation functor \(\psi_F\). It is shown that the uniform support \(\text{Supp}_x^{\text{unif}}(\psi_F\mathbb{C}_X)\) is a finite union of torsion translated subtori of \((\mathbb{C}^*)^r\). The conjecture for the zero set of the Bernstein-sato ideal \(B_{F,x}\) is now that \(\exp(V( B_{F,x} ))=\bigcup_{y\in D \text{ near } x} \text{Supp}_y^{\text{unif}}(\psi_F\mathbb{C}_X)\). One direction is proved and a significant step towards the converse is made. The support of the Sabbah specialisation complex is related to the cohomology support locus of the complement of \(D\) in a small open ball around \(x\), involving the local systems from the title. The author also discusses a multi-variable version of the monodromy conjecture, which is shown to follow from the usual single-variable one, and proves it in the case of hyperplane arrangements.