Additive maps preserving \(r\)-nilpotent perturbation of scalars on \(B(\mathcal{H})\) (Q781726)

Let \(\mathcal {X}\) be a Banach space over \(\mathbb{F}\in \{ \mathbb{R}, \mathbb{C}\}\) and \(B(\mathcal {X})\) denote the algebra of all bounded linear operators on \(\mathcal {X}\). The set of all \(r\)-nilpotent operators in \(B(\mathcal {X})\) is denoted by \(\mathcal {N}^r(\mathcal {X})\). A~map on \(B(\mathcal {X})\) is said to be \(r\)-nilpotent perturbation of scalars preserving in both directions if \(A\in \mathcal {N}^r(\mathcal {X})+\mathbb{F}I\) if and only if \(\phi(A)\in \mathcal {N}^r(\mathcal {X})+\mathbb{F}I\). The main purpose of this paper is to characterize the \(r\)-nilpotent perturbation of scalars preservers in both directions on Hilbert spaces and obtain the following characterization. Let \(\mathcal {H}\) and \(\mathcal {K}\) be Hilbert spaces over \(\mathbb{F}\in \{ \mathbb{R}, \mathbb{C}\}\) with dim \(\mathcal {H}\geq 3\). Assume that \(\phi : B(\mathcal {H})\to B(\mathcal {K})\) is an additive surjective map and \(r\geq 3\) is a positive integer. Then \(\phi \) is an \(r\)-nilpotent perturbation of scalars preserving in both directions if and only if, for every \(A\in B(\mathcal {H})\), either \(\phi(A)=cTAT^{-1}+g(A)I\) or \(\phi(A)=cTA^*T^{-1}+g(A)I\), where \(0\not =c\in \mathbb{F}\), \(T: \mathcal{H}\to \mathcal {K}\) is a \(\tau \)-linear bijective map with \(\tau :\mathbb{F}\to \mathbb{F}\) an automorphism, and \(g\) is an additive map from \(B(\mathcal {H})\) into \(\mathbb{F}\). As applications, additive \(k\)-commutativity preserving maps and general completely \(k\)-commutativity preserving maps on \(B(\mathcal {H})\) are also characterized.