Solvable Lie algebras of vector fields and a Lie's conjecture (Q784863)

The article is devoted to the investigation of solvable transitive Lie algebras of vector fields and to one hypothesis of Sophus Lie. S. Lie conjectured that for any finite-dimensional complex transitive Lie algebra \(L\) of vector fields in \(\mathbf{C}^n\) it is possible to find such coordinates \(x_1, \dots, x_n\), in which coefficients of vector fields from \(L\) lie in the algebra generated by the \(x_i\) and the exponentials \(\exp \lambda x_i\). Some partial results confirming the validity of this hypothesis are already known. For example, for any solvable Lie algebra \(L\), the existence of a representation in the form of a Lie algebra of the vector fields of the specified type was proved. In this paper, S. Lie's conjecture is proved in its original formulation for arbitrary finite-dimensional transitive solvable Lie algebras of vector fields on \(\mathbb{R}^n\). This is done with the help of a special technique based on the study of dilatations and homogeneity structures on vector fields. A dilatation defines a homogeneous structure on functions and vector fields. This is used in the article for a constructive local description of finite-dimensional solvable transitive Lie algebras of vector fields. Also some results about nilpotent transitive Lie algebras of vector fields and some others are proved.