A reformulation of the Siegel series and intersection numbers (Q785364)

The objective of this work is to provide a conceptual reformulation of the Siegel series as well as an inductive formula. This explains that the local intersection multiplicities of Gross \& Keating and the Siegel series have the same structure, going further in the comprehension of the matching of the values computed independently. Let \(\mathfrak{o}\) be the ring of integers of a finite field extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_p\). We denote by \(f\) the cardinality of its residue field. Let \((L,q_L)\) a quadratic lattice over \(\mathfrak{o}\). If \(n\) is the rank of \(L\), let \((a_1,\dotsc,a_n)\) be its Gross-Keating invariant where \(a_1\leq\dotsc\leq a_n\) are integers. We denote by \(n_0\) the number of zeros in the sequence \(a_1\leq\dotsc\leq a_n\). The shape of the formula for the Siegel series proven by the authors is the following ploynomial whose coefficients are expressed as sum of numbers of sets of lattices \begin{multline*} \mathcal{F}_L(X)=(1-X)\sum_{\substack{0\leq b\leq (a_1+\dotsc+a_n)/2\\ n_0\leq a\leq n}}\Bigg(\#\mathcal{S}_{(L,a^\pm,b)}f^{b(n+1)}X^{2b}\\\times\left(1+\chi(a^\pm)f^{n-a/2}X\right)\prod_{1\leq j<n-a/2}\left(1-f^{2j}X^2\right)\Bigg) \end{multline*} where \(\mathcal{S}_{(L,a^\pm,b)}\) is an explicit set of quadratic lattices containing \(L\) and \(\chi(a^\pm)\) is \(-1\), \(0\) or \(1\) accordingly to an explicit formula described in the text. From this expression the authors derive an inductive formula, assuming a conjecture that they prove to be true if \(p\) is odd or if \((L,q_L)\) is an anistropic \(\mathbb{Z}_2\) lattice. This inductive formula is used to prove that the local intersection multiplicity \(\alpha_p(a_1,a_2,a_3)\) associated to \((L,q_L)\) is, up to an explicit multiplicative constant, the derivative of \(\mathcal{F}_L\) evaluated at \(1/p^2\). An application is given to prove a new identity between the intersection number of two modular correspondences over \(\mathcal{F}_p\) and Fourier coefficients of the Siegel-Eisenstein series ow weight \(2\) on \(\mathrm{Sp}_4/\mathbb{Q}\).