Quotients of Green functions on \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) (Q790994)

Let \({\mathcal H}_ 1\), \({\mathcal H}_ 2\) be two harmonic sheafs on a locally compact connected space X which has a countable base. Assume that (X,\({\mathcal H}_ j)\) is a Brelot space which has a Green function \(G_ j:X\times X\to {\bar {\mathbb{R}}}_+ (j=1,2)\). Let U,\(V\subset X\) be open, and assume that (*) \(\alpha^{-1}G_ 1\leq G_ 2\leq \alpha G_ 1\) holds on (\(U\times U)\cup(V\times V)\) for some \(\alpha>0\). We show that this implies \(\alpha^{-3}G_ 1\leq G_ 2\leq \alpha^ 3G_ 1\) on (\(U\cup V)\times(U\cup V)\). The method of proof works also in nonelliptic cases. Now we apply this result to sheafs \({\mathcal H}_ 1\), \({\mathcal H}_ 2\) on \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\), where \({\mathcal H}_ 1\) is the sheaf of classical harmonic functions and \({\mathcal H}_ 2\) belongs to a partial differential operator \(L=\sum a_{k\ell}D_{k\ell}+\sum b_ kD_ k+c\) which is defined on \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) and has Hölder continuous coefficients. We get a sufficient condition which essentially says that (*) holds on \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) if the operator \({\mathcal K}(L)\) has a nice continuation into zero. Here \({\mathcal K}(L)\) denotes the Kelvin transform of L. In other words: we have to assume that the coefficients of L are very regular near infinity. This sufficient condition seems to be - and is - too strong. Nevertheless, we are able to show that at least in the general context of harmonic spaces our method of proof is essentially sharp: If (*) holds in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) then there exist multiplication operators Q, P such that the harmonic sheaf associated to Q\({\mathcal K}(L)P\) has a canonical extension into zero. The paper finishes with a more detailed discussion of the case where \(L=\sum a_{ij}D_{ij}\) with \(a_{11}=1\) and \(a_{ij}=\delta_{ij}\) otherwise. In this case at the point zero the operator Q\({\mathcal K}(L)P\) doesn't fit into the usual theories of harmonic spaces associated to PDE's because its drift coefficients are bad. But there is a harmonic space associated to Q\({\mathcal K}(L)P\).