Hermite functions and weighted spaces of generalized functions (Q818800)

The purpose of this paper is to show that the Hermite functions constitute an absolute Schauder basis for many weighted spaces of ultradifferentiable functions and ultradistributions, including the Fourier hyperfunctions. The spaces of ultradifferentiable functions \(S_{\{M_{\alpha} \}}\) and \(S_{(M_{\alpha})}\) are defined by means of a multi-sequence \((M_{\alpha})_{\alpha}\), they are stable by differentiation and multiplication by polynomials, and they contain the Hermite functions. In fact, it is characterized when the spaces contain the Hermite functions in terms of a condition which is then assumed in the main results of the paper. These main results show that the Hermite polynomials are an absolute basis for both \(S_{\{M_{\alpha} \}}\) and \(S_{(M_{\alpha})}\). The coefficient spaces are also determined, thus obtaining explicit sequence space representations of the spaces. Tame continuity estimates for the linear operators are obtained. These precise estimates will be of importance in future research on convolution operators on Fourier hyperfunctions. The results cover classes of quasianalytic functions to which Pelczynski's decomposition method cannot be applied to obtain a sequence space representation. In Section~4, the author studies conditions to ensure that the weighted spaces \(S_{\{M_{\alpha} \}}\) and \(S_{(M_{\alpha})}\) are power series spaces or their duals. Complete characterizations are obtained. A series of convincing examples are presented in the final section. They include the Gelfand and Shilov spaces \(S^r_r\) and the space of Fourier hyperfunctions. This article marks the beginning of an interesting direction of the author's research. The present work will play an important role in his work on convolution operators and solution operators for partial differential operators on spaces of Fourier hyperfunctions.