On the Diophantine equation \(dx^2+p^{2a}q^{2b}=4y^p\) (Q824364)

The authors describe all the integer solutions of the Diophantine equation \(dx^2 + p^{2a}q^{2b} = 4y^p\), where \(d > 1\) is a square-free integer, \(p, q\) are distinct odd primes, \(\gcd(p,h(-d))=1\), and \(x, y, a, b\) are unknown positive integers with \(\gcd(x, y) = 1\) (Theorem 1.1). Here \(h(-d)\) denotes the class number of \(\mathbb Q(\sqrt{-d})\). The proof is primarily based on the existence of the primitive divisors of certain Lehmer numbers. Theorem 1.1 is a variant of the results obtained in [\textit{A. Dąbrowski} et al., J. Number Theory 215, 149--159 (2020; Zbl 1461.11051); \textit{K. Chakraborty} et al., Result. Math. 76, No. 2, Paper No. 57, 13 p. (2021; Zbl 1480.11039)].