Kloosterman sums with twice-differentiable functions (Q829347)

The authors study a general Kloosterman-like sum for functions \(f\) that are real-valued and twice differentiable. They show that when \[\lim_{t\rightarrow \infty} \frac{\log f''(t)}{\log t}=-\kappa,\] for some \(2/3<\kappa<1\), then \[\sum_{n=1}^N \exp\left(2\pi i (x\lfloor f(n)\rfloor+y\lfloor f(n)\rfloor^{-1})/p\right)\ll_{\varepsilon, f} Np^{-\delta},\qquad \delta=2^{-11}\varepsilon^2\kappa^4,\] uniformly in the range \[p^{1/(2\kappa)+\varepsilon}\leq N<p^{1/(2-\kappa)}.\] Part of the motivation for this problem comes from investigations by the second author on Beatty sequences [\textit{M. Technau}, J. Number Theory 208, 148--167 (2020; Zbl 1473.11065)]. The conditions of the theorem are verified by Piatetski-Shapiro sequences \(\lfloor t^c\rfloor\) with \(1<c<\frac{4}{3}\). The argument follows the method of proof used by \textit{W. D. Banks} and \textit{I. E. Shparlinski} in former work [Q. J. Math. 60, No. 4, 401--411 (2009; Zbl 1229.11110)]. At the end of the article, the authors mention some further open questions to investigate.