On modal logics of model-theoretic relations (Q831223)

In this paper, modal logic and the modal algebra of the theory of some class \(\mathcal C\) of models are considered, the modal operator is interpreted as a relation \(\mathcal R\) on \(\mathcal C\). The language \(L\) of the theory is a usual model theoretic language which includes the standard first-order language, and satisfiability in \(L\) is asumed to be preserved under isomorphisms. By a modal logic is meant a normal propositional unimodal logic. The authors discuss how modal theories of \((\mathcal{C,R})\) depend on \(L\), the Kripke completeness of these theories, and expressibility of the modality in \(L\); they also describe the modal theories for the submodel and the quotient relations. For a first-order modal logic expanded with a modal operator for the extension relation betwen models, a downward Löwenheim-Skolem theorem is proved.