Lexicographic probability, conditional probability, and nonstandard probability (Q844918)

The author explores the relationship between Popper spaces, lexicographic probability systems (LPS) and nonstandard probability spaces (NPS). A Popper space is a conditional probability space that satisfies some specific requirements. An LPS of length \(\alpha\) is a measurable space with a sequence of finitely additive probability measures indexed by ordinals less than \(\alpha\). An NPS is a probability space where the probability measure takes value in a non-Archimedean field. If countable additivity is assumed, Popper spaces and a subclass of LPS's are equivalent. If the state space is finite, LPS's are equivalent to NPS's. If the state space is infinite, NPS's are more general than LPS's.