Support properties and Holmgren's uniqueness theorem for differential operators with hyperplane singularities (Q852604)

Authors study the support properties of partial differential operators on \({\mathbb R}^n\), invariant with respect to a finite Coxeter group \(W\) acting linearly on \({\mathbb R}^n\). The main theorem is that if such operators \(D\) satisfy suitable conditions of regularity, then \(\text{conv} (\text{supp}(Du))= \text{conv} (\text{supp}(u))\), for each \(u\in{\mathcal E}'(X,W)\), where \({\mathcal E}'(X,W)\) denotes the space of distributions \(u\) on a real Euclidean vector space \({\mathfrak a}\) of dimension \(n\), so that \(\text{conv} (\text{supp}(u))\) is a \(W\)-invariant compact subset of \(X\). Here \(X\subset{\mathfrak a}\) is a non-empty \(W\)-invariant convex subset of \({\mathfrak a}\). The condition of regularity to which they refer, and call \((\triangle,X)\)-regularity, is characterized by requiring that such differential operators \(D\) be \(W\)-invariant linear differential operators on \({\mathfrak a}\), with analytic coefficients, such that their principal symbols are of the form \[ \sigma(D)(x,\lambda)= \left(p(\lambda)\prod_{\alpha\in\triangle} [\alpha(x)]^{n(\alpha)}\right) P(x,\lambda), \] for \((x,\lambda)\in {\mathfrak a}\times{\mathfrak a}^*\), where \(p(\lambda)\) is a homogeneous polynomial, \(n(\alpha)\in{\mathbb N}_0\equiv\{0,1,2,\cdots\}\), \(\alpha\in\triangle\), with \(\triangle\subset{\mathfrak a}^*\setminus\{0\}\). Furthermore \(P(x,\lambda)\) is a homogeneous \(X\)-elliptic polynomial, i.e., a polynomial function \(P:{\mathfrak a}\times{\mathfrak a}^*\to{\mathbb C}\) that is a homogeneous polynomial in \(\lambda\in{\mathfrak a}^*\), with real analytic coefficients on \({\mathfrak a}\), \(P(x,\lambda)=\sum_{| l| =m}a_l(x)\lambda^l\), with \(m\in{\mathbb N}_0\), such that if \((x,\lambda)\in X\times{\mathfrak a}^*\) with \(\lambda\not=0\), then \(P(x,\lambda)\not=0\). The main tools in the proof are Holmgren's uniqueness theorem and some elementary convex geometry. Applications to some special differential operators, (hypergeometric, Bessel, shift, Hamiltonian, differential operators on symmetric space), are considered.