Comparison of eigenvalues for the \(p\)-Laplacian with integral inequalities (Q858805)

The author considers the following nonlinear eigenvalue problems for the \(p\)-Laplacian operator \[ \begin{aligned} & -(\sigma(t)| u'| ^{p-2}u')'= \Lambda\rho(t)| u| ^{p-2}u,\quad u'(0)=u(L)=0,\\ & -(s(t)| v'| ^{p-2}v')'= \lambda r(t)| v| ^{p-2}v,\quad \;\;v'(0)=v(L)=0. \end{aligned} \] Here, \(1<p<\infty\), \(\rho,r\in C([0,L])\) and \(\sigma,\,s\in C^1([0,L])\) are positive functions which satisfy, for every \(t\in(0,L),\) \(s(t)\leq\sigma(t)\) both with the integral condition \[ \int_0^tr(s)ds\geq\int_0^t\rho(s)ds \] instead of the usual point-wise condition \(r(t)\geq\rho(t).\) Then, the author proves a Sturm comparison theorem for the first eigenvalue: \(\Lambda_1\geq\lambda_1.\) When \(s(t)\equiv1\) and \(r\) is nondecreasing, he derives a lower bound for the first eigenvalue: \[ \lambda_1\int_0^Lr(s)ds\geq\frac{\pi_p^p}{2^pL^{p-1}}, \] where \(\pi_p=2(p-1)^{\frac{1}{p}}\int_0^1\frac{ds}{(1-s^p)^{\frac{1}{p}}}\) is involved in the spectrum of the \(p\)-Laplacian Dirichlet boundary value problem. Finally, a new proof of the classical Lyapunov inequality for the problem set on an interval \((a,b)\) \[ -(| u'| ^{p-2}u')'= r(t)| u| ^{p-2}u,\quad u(a)=u(b)=0, \] is provided: \[ \int_a^br(s)ds\geq\frac{2^p}{(b-a)^{p-1}}. \]