Schrödinger equation with critical Sobolev exponent. (Q873250)

Let \(N \geq 3\), \(1 < p < \sigma = \frac {N+2}{N-2}\). Let the problem of solvability of \[ -\varepsilon ^2 \triangle u + V(x) u = K(x) u^p + Q(x) u^\sigma \;\text{on}\;\mathbb{R}^N, \quad u > 0\;\text{on}\;\mathbb{R}^N, \quad \lim _{| x| \to \infty }u(x)=0 \] be formulated with the assumptions: \(V, K, Q \in C^2(\mathbb{R}^N)\), \(V, K, Q, D^2V, D^2K ,D^2Q\) bounded on \(\mathbb{R}^N\), \(V(x)\geq C>0\), \(K(x)\geq C>0\) on \(\mathbb{R}^N\) and \(Q(0)=0\). In the paper, the existence theorem is proved. In the case \(K \equiv V \equiv 1 \) it sounds (Corollary 1.2): Let \(\xi _0 \in \mathbb{R}^N\). There exists \(\varepsilon _0\) such that if \(\varepsilon \in (0, \varepsilon _0)\) then the problem has a solution \(u_{\varepsilon }\) which concentrates on \(\xi _{\varepsilon }\) with \(\lim _{\varepsilon \to 0+}\xi _{\varepsilon }=\xi _0\), provided that one of the two following conditions holds: (a) \(\xi _0\) is a nondegenerate critical point of \(Q\), (b) \(\xi _0\) is a point of an isolated strict local minimum or maximum of \(Q\). The new feature of the present paper is that the coefficient \(Q\) of \(u^\sigma \) vanishes at \(x=0\). After the rescaling \(x\mapsto \varepsilon x\) the equation becomes \(-\triangle u+V(\varepsilon x)u=K(\varepsilon x)u^p+Q(\varepsilon x) u^{\sigma }\). Then the assumption \(Q(0)=0\) implies that the unperturbed problem with \(\varepsilon = 0\) is unaffected by the critical nonlinearity. The proof of the main result is based on the fact that the term with critical growth (\(Q(x)u^{\sigma }\)) is a small perturbation of the problem without it. Using that, the author can consider as a main part of the problem its finite dimensional part obtained by Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction.