The infinitesimal 16th Hilbert problem in dimension zero (Q877900)

Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be Zariski open subsets in \({\mathbb C}^{q+1}\) and \({\mathbb C}\) respectively, \(f : X \rightarrow Y\) a morphism given by a polynomial, \(\gamma(a) \in H_q(f^{-1}(a), {\mathbb Z})\) a continuous family of \(q\)-cycles and \(\omega\) a polynomial \(q\)-form in \({\mathbb C}^{q+1}\), all these objects being defined over a subfield \(k \subset {\mathbb C}\). The infinitesimal 16th Hilbert problem asks to find the exact upper bound \(Z(m,n,k,q)\) for the number of zeros \(a \in K \cap D\) of the abelian integral \(I(a)= \int_{\gamma(a)} \omega\) where \(\deg(f) \leq m\), \(\deg(\omega) \leq n\) and \(D\) is any simply connected domain in \(Y\). In this paper, the authors consider the case \(q=0\) and its main result is Theorem 1 where they prove \[ m-1 - \lfloor \tfrac{n}{m} \rfloor \leq Z(m,n,k,0) \leq \frac{(m-1)(n-1)}{2}. \] Moreover, it is also investigated some arithmetic properties of abelian integrals. Thus, they improve the upper bound for the number of zeros of an abelian integral with fixed \(f\) and give a necessary and sufficient condition for an abelian integral to be zero.