Density of sets of natural numbers and the Lévy group (Q877927)

Let \(d(A)\) denote the asymptotic density of a subset \(A\) of the set \(\mathbb N\) of positive integers, and let \(\mathcal{AD}\) denote the set of all sets \(A\) having asymptotic density. If \(S_{\mathbb N}\) denotes the group of all permutations of \(\mathbb N\), let \(\mathcal{L}^\sharp\) denote the group of all permutations \(g\in S_{\mathbb N}\) such that \(A\in\mathcal{AD}\) if and only if \(g(A)\in\mathcal{AD}\). If in addition we also have \(d(A)=d(g(A))\) for all \(A\in\mathcal{AD}\), then the corresponding set \(\mathcal{L}^*\), known as the Lévy group, is a subgroup of \(\mathcal{L}^\sharp\). The main result of the paper implies that if \(f:\mathbb N\to\mathbb N\) is a one-to-one function (not necessarily a permutation) such that \(A\in\mathcal{AD}\) implies that \(f(A)\in\mathcal{AD}\), then also \(d(f(A))=\lambda d(A)\) for all \(A\in\mathcal{AD}\), where \(\lambda=d(f(\mathbb N))\). This implies that \(\mathcal{L}^*=\mathcal{L}^\sharp\).