Sublinear functional calculus in homogeneous Besov spaces (Q879636)

The first author and several other collaborators, including the second author, have proven the existence of a sublinear functional calculus in some fractional Sobolev spaces [see for instance \textit{G. Bourdaud} and \textit{M. E. D. Kateb}, Math. Z. 210, No. 4, 607--613 (1992; Zbl 0759.46032)]. All these interesting results could be summarized as follows: Let \(1 \leq p \leq \infty \), \( 0 < s < 1+(1/p) \), and \(f \in BH({ \mathbb R} )\) such that \(f(0)=0 \), where \( BH({ \mathbb R} )\) is the set of continuous functions whose second derivative, in the sense of distributions, is a bounded measure. There exists a constant \(c>0\), depending on \(s,p,\) and \(n\), such that \[ \| f \circ g \| _{W_p^s({\mathbb R}^n )} \, \leq \,c\| f\| _{BH}\| g \| _{W_p^s({\mathbb R}^n )}, \quad \forall g \in W_p^s({\mathbb R}^n ). \] Here, \(W_p^s({\mathbb R}^n )\) could be either the Besov space \(B_p^{s,q}( {\mathbb R}^n)\) or the Lizorkin-Triebel space \(F_p^{s,q}( {\mathbb R}^n)\), \(1 \leq q \leq \infty\). In this paper, the authors prove that the preceding result also holds in homogeneous Besov spaces, \(\dot{B}_p^{s,q}( {\mathbb R}^n)\), where \( 1 \leq p < \infty \), \(q \in [1, \, +\infty] \), \(0 < s < 1+(1/p) \) and where the function \(f\) belongs to \( U_p^1({\mathbb R} )\), a larger space than \(BH({\mathbb R})\). As the authors point out these homogeneous spaces are of great interest because first, the usual Besov spaces are subspaces of the homogeneous Besov spaces, and second, they are preferred for the applications of Besov spaces in Fluid Dynamics and Image Processing. An application to Image Processing is also given in the last section. More precisely, the authors show that a step function belongs to the homogeneous Besov space \(\dot{B}_1^{1, \infty}( {\mathbb R}^2)\) if and only if it belongs to \(BV({\mathbb R}^2) \), the space of functions of bounded variation.