The unimodality of pure \(O\)-sequences of type three in three variables (Q887287)

Pure \(O\)-sequences are the Hilbert functions of artinian level monomial algebras, or equivalently, the \(h\)-vectors of pure order ideals. The \textit{type} is the Cohen-Macaulay type of the algebra, or equivalently the number of maximal monomials in the order ideal. These objects have been of interest for decades, and they have connections to many topics in combinatorics, among other things. Yet they remain far from classified. Two useful sources are the monograph [Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 1024, iii-vii, 78 p. (2012; Zbl 1312.13001)] by Boij, the reviewer, Miró-Roig, Nagel and Zanello, and the expository paper by the reviewer, Nagel and Zanello in [\textit{J. Migliore} et al., in: Commutative algebra. Expository papers dedicated to David Eisenbud on the occasion of his 65th birthday. New York, NY: Springer. 527--550 (2013; Zbl 1273.13040)]. It is known that even in three variables, not all pure \(O\)-sequences are unimodal. However, for small type they are, and it is an open question as to which is the smallest type for which there exists a non-unimodal pure \(O\)-sequence in some fixed number of variables. In this paper the author shows that for type 3 in three variables, the pure \(O\)-sequences are unimodal. A common trick to show unimodality is to show the existence of the Weak Lefschetz Property, and it is interesting that this property does not necessarily hold for type 3 so the author had to find a different route for her proof. At the end of the paper she studies the liaison classes, and specifically the licciness, of the ideals associated to these monomial level algebras.