Maps preserving peripheral spectrum of generalized Jordan products of operators (Q887458)

Let \(X\) be a complex Banach space and \(\mathcal{B}(X)\) the algebra of all bounded linear operators on \(X\). The peripheral spectrum of \(T\in \mathcal{B} (X)\) is defined by \[ \sigma _{\pi }(T)=\left\{ z\in \sigma (T):\left| z\right|= r(T)\right\}, \] where \(\sigma (T)\) and \(r(T)\) denote the spectrum and the spectral radius of \(T\), respectively. For an integer \(k\geq 2\), let \((i_{1},i_{2},\dots{},i_{m})\) be a finite sequence such that \(\{i_{1},i_{2},\dots{},i_{m}\}=\{1,2,\dots{},k\}\), and assume that at least one of the terms in \((i_{1},i_{2},\dots{},i_{m})\) appears exactly once. The generalized Jordan product of \(T_{1},T_{2},\dots{},T_{k}\in \mathcal{B}(X)\) is defined in the following way: \[ T_{1}\circ T_{2}\circ \dots{}\circ T_{k}=T_{i_{1}}T_{i_{2}}\dots{}T_{i_{m}}+T_{i_{m}}\dots{}T_{i_{2}}T_{i_{1}}. \] In the paper under review, the authors characterize maps between standard operator algebras on complex Banach spaces preserving the peripheral spectrum of generalized Jordan products of operators. The main result of the paper is as follows. Theorem. Let \(\mathcal{A}_{i}\) be a standard operator algebra on a complex Banach space \(X_{i}\) with \(\dim \) \(X_{i}\geq 3\), \(i=1,2\). Let \(k,m>2\) be integers and consider the generalized Jordan product defined above. Let \(\Phi :\mathcal{A}_{1}\rightarrow \mathcal{A}_{2}\) be a map with the range containing all operators in \(\mathcal{A}_{2}\) of rank at most three. Then \(\Phi \) satisfies \[ \sigma _{\pi }(\Phi (A_{1})\circ \Phi (A_{2})\circ \dots{}\circ \Phi (A_{k}))=\sigma _{\pi }(A_{1}\circ A_{2}\circ \dots{}\circ A_{k}) \] for any \(A_{1},A_{2},\dots{},A_{k}\in \mathcal{A}_{1}\) if and only if one of the following conditions holds: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(1)] There exists \(\lambda \in \mathbb{C}\) with \(\lambda ^{m}=1\) and an invertible operator \(T\in \mathcal{B}(X_{1},X_{2})\) such that \(\Phi (A)=\lambda TAT^{-1}\) for all \(A\in \mathcal{A}_{1}\). \item[(2)] The spaces \(X_{1}\) and \(X_{2}\) are reflexive, and there exists \(\lambda \in \mathbb{C}\) with \(\lambda ^{m}=1\) and an invertible operator \(T\in \mathcal{B}(X_{1}^{\ast },X_{2})\) such that \(\Phi (A)=\lambda TA^{\ast}T^{-1}\) for all \(A\in \mathcal{A}_{1}\). \end{itemize}} The paper has three sections. The main result is stated in the first section. In the second section, the authors present some auxiliary results. Namely, they characterize rank one operators by means of the peripheral spectrum of generalized Jordan products, which turns out to be crucial for the proof of the main result, given in the last section.