Duality of multiple root loci (Q891671)

The authors consider multiple root loci and their conormal varieties. For a multiple root locus \(\Delta_{\lambda}\), they give a parametric representation of the corresponding conormal variety \(\mathrm{Con}_{\lambda}\). They also give a characterisation of the property of the dual \(\Delta_{\lambda}^{\vee}\) to be a multiple locus in terms of the properties of the partition \(\lambda\). By using this result, they prove the Katz conjecture [\textit{G. Katz}, Expo. Math. 21, No. 3, 219--261 (2003; Zbl 1045.14021)]. The authors consider applications to the real rank of binary forms. They define the real rank boundary and they describe it for the set of binary forms whose real rank equals the generic complex rank. They also consider an optimization problem related to the euclidean distance degree.