Rational differential systems, loop equations, and application to the \(q\)th reductions of KP (Q896510)

The authors associate a matrix kernel and correlators to any invertible matrix solution \(\Psi(x)\) of a linear differential system. They show that the correlators satisfy a set of linear equations and also a set of quadratic equations, which they refer to collectively as ``loop equations''. It is shown that when the correlators have an expansion of topological type, it can be computed by the topological recursion of [the third author and \textit{N. Orantin}, Commun. Number Theory Phys. 1, No. 2, 347--452 (2007; Zbl 1161.14026)] (see also [\textit{V. Bouchard} and the third author, J. High Energy Phys. 2013, No. 2, Article ID 143, 34 p. (2013; Zbl 1342.81513)] for the case of arbitrary ramifications). Also, in the presence of isomonodromic times \(\vec t\), they define the isomonodromic Tau function \({\mathcal T}(\vec t)\) and give the expansion for \(\ln {\mathcal T}(\vec t)\). Finally, they apply their theory to the linear system associated to the \(q\)th reduction of KP and illustrate it more specifically with examples of the \((p,q)\) models.