Spectral theory for \(p\)-adic operators (Q897701)

Let \(k\) be a complete non-Archimedean valued field. The main purpose of this paper is to establish an algorithm for a criterion of the diagonalisability of a matrix over \(k\) by a unitary matrix. In order to get this purpose the author considers a non-Archimedean \(k\)-Banach space \(V\) and the associated non-Archimedean \(k\)-Banach algebra \({\mathcal B}_{k}(V)\) of all bounded operators on \(V\). He defines the spectrum of an \(A \in {\mathcal B}_{k}(V)\) and formulates several notions of functional calculi of \(A\). Roughly speaking, a functional calculus of \(A\) is a substitution of \(A\) by a function of its spectrum. Then, \(A\) is called \textit{normal} if it admits the rigid continuous functional calculus in \({\mathcal B}_{k}(V)\). It is a generalization of the notion of normality given by \textit{A. N. Kochubei} in [Contemp. Math. 596, 133--148 (2013; Zbl 1335.47047)]. For finite-dimensional \(k\)-Banach spaces \(V\) we have that \({\mathcal B}_{k}(V)\) is isomorphic to the \(k\)-algebra of matrices. In this case an operator is normal if and only if its associated matrix is diagonalisable by a unitary matrix in \(k\). The author provides several criteria for normality of an \(A \in {\mathcal B}_{k}(V)\). One of them has a purely non-Archimedean character. Indeed, since a functional calculus of an operator over the residue class field of \(k\) (\(\{ \lambda \in k : | \lambda | \leq 1 \} / \{ \lambda \in k : | \lambda | < 1 \}\)) is just the diagonalisation of a matrix, a reduction procedure helps us to reduce the analysis to pure ring theory. For locally compact base fields \(k\), he constructs an explicit algorithm for a criterion of the diagonalisability of a matrix over \(k\) by a unitary matrix, following a philosophy of repetitive reductions. For Banach spaces \(V\) over such \(k\), he also establishes a method to give a spectral decomposition of an \(A \in {\mathcal B}_{k}(V)\). The local compactness assumption on \(k\) is considered in order to assure that, as in the classical case, the spectrum of any \( A \in {\mathcal B}_{k}(V)\) is compact. It is well known that the field \(\mathbb{Q}_p\) of the \(p\)-adic numbers (\(p\) a primer number) is locally compact. On the other hand, there exist important examples of non-Archimedean valued fields which are not locally compact, e.g., \(\mathbb{C}_p\), the completion of the algebraic closure of \(\mathbb{Q}_p\). For a future research work, it would be interesting to investigate whether the results given in this paper for locally compact fields also hold for general non-Archimedean complete valued fields.