Euler sequence for complete smooth \(\mathbb{K}^\ast\)-surfaces (Q903944)

The paper deals with complete, smooth \(\mathbb K^*\)-surfaces \(X\) without elliptic fixed points over an algebraically closed field \(k\) of characteristic \(0\). Those surfaces can be described by a smooth projective curve \(Y\) (where \(\pi:X\to Y\) is the quotient by \(\mathbb K^*\)), a finite set of points \(p_1,\ldots,p_m\in C\), and, for every \(i=1,\ldots,m\), a finite set \(S_i\subset \mathbb Q\). The latter should be understood as decompositions of \(\mathbb R\) (or \(\mathbb Q\)) into finite sets of rational intervals. The points in \(S_i\) as well as the intervals connecting them parametrize certain \(\mathbb K^*\)-invariant cycles in \(X\). The main result of the paper is two exact sequences (in Lemma 2.2 and Theorem~1) relating \(\Omega_X\) with \(\pi^*\Omega_Y\), with the sheaves of the \(\mathbb K^*\)-invariant divisors corresponding to the sets \(S_i\), and with the structure sheaves \(\mathcal O_{F^+}\), \(\mathcal O_{F^-}\), \(\mathcal O_{Z}\), where \(F^{\pm}\subset X\) denote the \(\mathbb K^*\)-invariant divisors corresponding to the unbounded intervals and \(Z\subset X\) denotes the finite set of \(\mathbb K^*\)-fixed points corresponding to the bounded intervals of the decompositions of \(\mathbb R\) mentioned above. These exact sequences can be understood as a relative version of the Euler sequence for the morphism \(\pi:X\to Y\). As an application, it is shown that rigidity of \(X\) implies that it is a toric Fano variety (Theorem 2).