Globality in semisimple Lie groups (Q915841)

In the first section of this paper we give a characterization of those closed convex cones (wedges) W in the Lie algebra \(sl(2,{\mathbb{R}})^ n\) which are invariant under the maximal compact subgroup of the adjoint group and which are controllable in the associated simply connected Lie group \(Sl(2,{\mathbb{R}})^{n^{\sim}}\), i.e., for which the subsemigroup \(S=(\exp W)\) generated by the exponential image of W agrees with the whole group G (Theorem 13). In Section 2 we develop some algebraic tools concerning real root decompositions with respect to compactly embedded Cartan algebras and invariant cones in semisimple Lie algebras. In Section 3 these tools, combined with the results from Section 1, yield a characterization of those invariant cones in a semisimple Lie algebra L which are controllable in the associated simply connected Lie group G. If L is simple, we even get a characterization of those invariant wedges \(W\subseteq L\) which are global in G, i.e., for which there exists a closed subsemigroup \(S\subseteq G\) having W as its tangent wedge L(S).