Equilibrium-torus bifurcation in nonsmooth systems (Q927892)

From the introduction: The purpose of this paper is to discuss how a two-dimensional invariant torus can arise directly from a stable node equilibrium. To study this phenomena we consider a set of two coupled ordinary differential equations with discontinuous right-hand sides describing the behaviour of a DC/DC power converter. We show that there is a region in parameter space where the system has a single stable node equilibrium. When changing the parameters, this equilibrium may disappear as it collides with a discontinuity boundary between two smooth regions in the phase space. The disappearance of the equilibrium point is accompanied by the soft appearance of an unstable focus period-1 orbit surrounded by a resonant or ergodic torus. The theoretical investigation is performed by means of a normal form map that represents the piecewise linear approximation to our system in the neighbourhood of the border.