On separation of points from additive subgroups of Banach spaces by continuous characters and positive definite functions (Q931383)

Let \(G\) be an additive subgroup of a Banach space \(X\). We say that a point \(x\in X\setminus G\) is weakly separated (resp. \(\mathcal P\)-separated) from \(G\) if it can be separated from \(G\) by a continuous character (resp. by a continuous positive definite function). Let \(T:X\mapsto Y\) be a continuous linear operator. Consider the following conditions: {\parindent=9mm \begin{itemize}\item[(ws)] if \(Tx\notin \overline{T(G)}\), then \(x\) is weakly separated from \(G\); \item[(ps)] \(Tx\notin \overline{T(G)}\), then \(x\) is \(\mathcal P\)-separated from \(G\); \item[(wp)] if \(Tx\) is \(\mathcal P\)-separated from \(T(G)\), then \(x\) is weakly separated from \(G\). \end{itemize}} By \(\mathcal W\mathcal S(X,Y)\) (resp. \(\mathcal P\mathcal S(X,Y)\), \(\mathcal W\mathcal P(X,Y)\)) we denote the class of operators \(T: X\mapsto Y\) which satisfy (ws) (resp. (ps), (wp)) for all \(x\in X\) and all subgroups \(G\) of \(X\). In the paper under review, the authors study the above classes of operators for various Banach spaces \(X, Y\). One of the main results of the paper claims that if \(X, Y\) are Hilbert spaces, then \(\mathcal W\mathcal P(X,Y)\) is the class of Hilbert-Schmidt operators.