Fundamental semigroups having a band of idempotents. (Q958195)

The construction by Hall of a fundamental orthodox semigroup \(W_B\) from a band \(B\) provides an important tool in the study of orthodox semigroups [see \textit{T. E. Hall}, Pac. J. Math. 39, 677-686 (1971; Zbl 0232.20124)]. In this paper the authors present a semigroup \(S_B\) that plays the role of \(W_B\) for a class of semigroups having a band \(B\) of idempotents. Let \(S\) be a semigroup with a subset of idempotents \(U\). The relation \(\widetilde{\mathcal L}_U\) on \(S\) is defined by the rule that for any \(a,b\in S\) we have \(a\widetilde{\mathcal L}_Ub\) if and only if for all \(e\in U\), \(ae=b\) if and only if \(be=b\). Then \(a\widetilde{\mathcal L}_Ue\) if and only if \(ae=a\) and for any \(f\in U\) the equality \(af=a\) implies that \(ef=e\). It is easy to see that \(\mathcal L\subseteq\mathcal L^*\subseteq\widetilde{\mathcal L}_U\), and \(\mathcal L=\mathcal L^*=\widetilde{\mathcal L}_U\) if \(S\) is regular and \(U=E(S)\). The relation \(\widetilde{\mathcal R}_U\) is the left-right dual of \(\widetilde{\mathcal L}_U\). A semigroup \(S\) is abundant (\(U\)-abundant), where \(U\subseteq E(S)\) if every \(\mathcal L^*\)-class and every \(\mathcal R^*\)-class of \(S\) contains an idempotent (of \(U\)). A semigroup \(S\) is weakly (\(U\)-abundant), if every \(\widetilde{\mathcal L}_U\)-class and every \(\widetilde{\mathcal R}_U\)-class of \(S\) contains an idempotent (of \(U\)). From a band \(B\) the authors construct a weakly \(B\)-abundant semigroup \(S_B\). This construction is the generalization of constructions by \textit{A. El-Qallali} and \textit{J. B. Fountain} [Proc. R. Soc. Edinb., Sect. A 91, 79-90 (1981; Zbl 0501.20043)], and \textit{G. M. S. Gomes} and \textit{V. Gould} [Semigroup Forum 63, No. 1, 11-33 (2001; Zbl 0998.20051)]. In the final section there are given some examples in which the semigroup \(S_B\) is calculated directly for some bands \(B\) of small finite cardinality.