Mean values with cubic characters (Q962988)

Let \(\chi\) be a cubic Dirichlet character, i.e. \(\chi^3=\chi_0\) (the principal character). Analogously to primitive quadratic characters, it is known that if \(\chi\) is primitive and its conductor is coprime to \(3\), then \(\chi\) is given by a cubic residue \[ \chi(m)=\bigg(\frac{m}n\bigg)_3 \] for some \(n\in \mathbb{Z}[\omega]\) where \(\omega = e^{2\pi i/3}\) satisfying that \(n\equiv 1\pmod 3\) is squarefree and not divisible by any rational primes and its norm \(N(n)\) equals \(q\). (See Lemma 2.1 of the paper under review.) The authors develop a useful tool of large sieve type (Theorem 1.4): for any \(\{a_m\}\subset \mathbb{C}\), \[ \sum_{Q<q\leq 2Q} {\sum_{\chi \pmod q\atop \text{primitive},\,\chi^3=\chi_0}} \left|\sum_{M<m\leq 2M\atop \text{squarefree}} a_m \chi(m)\right|^2\ll \Delta(Q,M){\sum_{M<m\leq 2M\atop \text{squarefree},\, 3\nmid m}} |a_m|^2 \] where \[ \Delta(Q,M)= (QM)^\varepsilon \min\big\{Q^{\frac53}+M, Q^{\frac43}+Q^{\frac12}M, Q^{\frac{11}9}+Q^{\frac23}M, Q+Q^{\frac13}M^{\frac53}+M^{\frac{12}5}\big\}. \] In addition to this interesting result, there are a couple of applications illustrated in the paper, including an asymptotic formula for the weighted first moment of \(L(1/2,\chi)\) over \(\chi\)'s, a nonvanishing result of the central value of \(L(s,\chi)\) and some mean square estimates at points on the critical line.