Symplectic critical surfaces in Kähler surfaces (Q967466)

A symplectic critical surface is a critical point of the functional \(L = \int_\Sigma{\frac{1}{\cos\alpha}}\,d\mu_\Sigma \) in the class of symplectic surfaces \(\Sigma\) in a Kähler surface \((M,J)\), where \(\alpha\) is the Kähler angle of \(\Sigma\) in \(M\), defined in [\textit{S.-s. Chern, J. G. Wolfson}, Am. J. Math. 105, 59--83 (1983; Zbl 0521.53050)]. The symplectic critical surfaces are first characterized here as satisfying the Euler-Lagrange equation of the functional \(L\), which is the elliptic equation: \(\cos^3 \alpha H = (J(J\nabla \cos \alpha)^\top)^\bot \), where \(H\) is the mean curvature vector of \(\Sigma\) in M. It is shown that when M is a Kähler-Einstein surface with non-negative scalar curvature, each symplectic critical surface is holomorphic. The topological properties of symplectic critical surfaces are studied. From the author's formula and Webster's formula it follows that \(\alpha\) is constant for any compact symplectic critical surface \(\Sigma\), which is not true for noncompact symplectic critical surfaces.