A note on wavelet subspaces (Q967596)

Subspaces of the space of square-integrable functions on the affine group with respect to left-invariant Haar measure are characterized in terms of tensor products of \(L^2(\mathbb{R}_\pm)\) with a space generated by Laguerre polynomials. Projections onto reproducing kernel subspaces are also identified, as are isomorphisms between wavelet subspaces. For the ``\(ax+b\)'' group \(G\) with product \((u,v)\cdot (u',v')=(vu'+u, vv')\) and left-invariant Haar measure \(d\nu(\zeta)=v^{-2}\, du \, dv\), one has \(L^2(G,d\nu)= L^2(\mathbb{R}, du)\otimes L^2 (\mathbb{R}_+, dv/v^2)\). Let \(U_1=\mathcal{F}\times I\) where \(\mathcal{F}\) denotes the Fourier transform and let \(U_2\) be the unitary operator \(F(u,v)\mapsto {\sqrt{2|x|}\over y} F\bigl(x,\, {y\over 2|x|}\bigr)\), which is unitary from \(L^2(G)\) to \(L^2(\mathbb{R}, dx)\otimes L^2(\mathbb{R}_+, dy)\). Then \(U=U_2 U_1\) is also unitary on the same spaces. Define \(A^{(k)}=\{f\ast \psi^{(k)}_v: f\in H^2_+\}\) where \(\widehat{\psi}^{(k)} (\xi) = \chi_+ (\xi) \sqrt{2\xi} e^{-\xi} L_k (2\xi)\), \(\chi_+\) is the characteristic function of \((0,\infty)\), and \(L_k\) is the Laguerre polynomial \({e^y\over k!}{d^k\over dy^k}(e^{-y} y^k)\). Here, \(H^2_+\) is the Hardy subspace of \(L^2(\mathbb{R})\) of functions whose Fourier transforms vanish when \(\xi<0\) and \(\psi_v=\psi (\cdot/v)/\sqrt{v}\). The operator \(U\) maps \(A^{(k)}\) unitarily onto \(L^2(\mathbb{R}_+)\otimes \mathcal{L}_k\), where \(\mathcal{L}_k\) is the rank-one space generated by \(e^{-y/2} L_k\). The reproducing kernel for \(A^{(k)}\) is \(K^{(k)}((s,t),(u,v)))=(\psi_v^{(k)}\ast \psi_t^{(k)}) (u-s)\). Integration against \(K^{(k)}\) defines an orthogonal projection of \(L^2(G, d\nu)\) onto \(A^{(k)}\). Other explicit formulas for \(K^{(k)}\) are given. If one defines \(R_0^{(k)}f(x,y)=\chi_+(x) f(x) \mathcal{L}_k(y)\) and \(R_1^{(k)}=R_0^{(k)}U_1\), it is shown that \((R_1^{(k)})^\ast U\) maps \(L^2(G,d\nu)\) onto \(H^2_+(\mathbb{R})\) and that its restriction to \(A^{(k)}\) is an isometric isomorphism. Its adjoint is defined explicitly by integration of \(\widehat{f}(\xi)\) (\(f\in H^2_{+}\)) against \(\sqrt{2\xi}\, y\, L_k (2\xi y)\, e^{i\xi (2\pi x+iy)}\). By composition, isomorphisms between \(A^{k}\) and \(A^{\ell}\) are also defined.