Periodic positive solution to a class of singular second-order ordinary differential equations (Q970486)

This paper presents an existence result guaranteeing a positive solution to the periodic boundary value problem \[ u''(t)+\lambda(t)u(t)=f(t,u(t)),\;\;0<t<2\pi,\;\; u(0)=u(2\pi),\;u'(0)=u'(2\pi), \] singular at \(t=0,\;t=2\pi\) and \(u=0\); here, the functions \(\lambda:(0,2\pi)\to[0,+\infty)\) and \(f:(0,2\pi)\times(0,+\infty)\to[0,+\infty)\) are continuous. The basic assumptions on the main nonlinearity \(f\) are: for each pair of positive different numbers \(r_1\) and \(r_2\), there exists a non-negative function \(h_{r_1}^{r_2}\in L^1[0,2\pi]\cap C(0,2\pi)\) such that \(f(t,u)\leq h_{r_1}^{r_2}(t)\) for \((t,u)\in(0,2\pi)\times[r_1,r_2]\) and there exist non-negative functions \(j_i\in L^1[0,2\pi]\) and constants \(c_i,\;i=1,2,\) such that \(c_1>0,\;c_2<\infty\) and \(f(t,u)/u\leq j_i(u)\) for \((t,u)\in[0,2\pi]\times U_i,\; i=1,2,\) where \(U_1=(0,c_1]\) and \(U_2=[c_2,+\infty)\). It is also assumed that \(u(t)\equiv0,\;t\in[0,2\pi],\) is the unique solution to the homogeneous periodic BVP \[ u''(t)+\lambda(t)u(t)=0,\;\;0<t<2\pi,\;\; u(0)=u(2\pi),\;u'(0)=u'(2\pi). \] The Guo-Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem in cones is used in the proof of the main existence result.