Type II extinction profile of maximal solutions to the Ricci flow in \(\mathbb R^{2}\) (Q980396)

The authors study the Cauchy problem for the logarithmic fast diffusion equation \(u_t =\Delta \log u\) in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) with \(u(x,0)=u_0(x) \geq 0\), corresponding to the evolution of the metric \(g_{ij}= u dx_i dx_j\) by the Ricci flow. Recall, that the maximal (complete) solution \(u\) vanishes identically after time \(T=\frac{1}{4\pi} \int_{\mathbb{R}^2} u_0\). For any compactly supported \(u_0\), the authors provide a precise description of the type II vanishing behavior of \(u\) at time \(T\). They show the existence of an inner region with exponentially fast vanishing profile, up to proper scaling, a soliton cigar solution, and the existence of an outer region of persistence of a logarithmic cusp.