Fourier series on compact symmetric spaces: \(K\)-finite functions of small support (Q992032)

This paper continues the paper of the same authors: ``A local Paley-Wiener theorem for compact symmetric spaces'' [Adv. Math. 218, No. 1, 202--215 (2008; Zbl 1151.43006)], where the result was obtained for \(K\)-\textit{invariant} functions. Now the \(K\)-invariance is replaced by \(K\)-\textit{finiteness}. Let \(X=U/K\) be a Riemannian symmetric space of compact type. It means that \(U\) is a connected semisimple compact Lie group, \(K\) its closed subgroup such that \((U^\theta)_e\subset K \subset U^\theta\), here \(U^\theta\) is the fixed point subgroup of an involution \(\theta\) with the identity component \((U^\theta)_e=K_0\). The Lie algebra \(\mathfrak u\) of \(U\) decomposes into \(+1, -1\)-eigenspaces for \(\theta\): \(\mathfrak u = \mathfrak k + \mathfrak q\). Let \(\mathfrak a\subset \mathfrak q\) be a maximal Abelian subspace, \({\mathfrak a}^*\) its dual space, and \({\mathfrak a}^*_{\mathbb C}\) the complexified dual space. The centralizer of \(\mathfrak a\) in \(K\) is denoted by \(M\). Let \(\mathfrak g = \mathfrak k + i\mathfrak q\) be the real form of \({\mathfrak u}_{\mathbb C}\), and let \(G\) denote the connected real Lie subgroup of \(U_{\mathbb C}\) with this Lie algebra. Then \(K_0=G^\theta\) and \(G/K_0\) is a Riemannian symmetric space of the non-compact type. There is the Iwasawa decomposition \(G=K_0AN\) where \(A=\exp \, (i\mathfrak a)\). Let us call an element \(Y\in i\mathfrak a\) in the decomposition \(g=k\cdot\exp Y\cdot n\) the \textit{Iwasawa projection} of \(g\in G\) and denote it by \(H(g)\). It can be extended to a neighbourhood \({\mathcal V}^a\) of the neutral element \(e\) in \(G_{\mathbb C}\) (the \textit{complexified Iwasawa projection}). This neighbourhood consists of elements \(x^{-1}\) inverse to elements \(x\) of the \textit{complex crown} \(\mathcal V\) of \(G/K_0\). An irreducible unitary representation \(\pi\) of \(U\) in \(V\) is called \textit{spherical} if \(V\) has a non-zero \(K\)-fixed vector. Spherical representations \(\pi_\mu\) of \(U\) in \(V_\mu\) are labelled by their highest weights \(\mu\in{\mathfrak a}^*_{\mathbb C}\), the set of these weights is denoted by \(\Lambda^+(U/K)\). Let us fix in \(V_\mu\) a unit \(K\)-fixed vector \(e_\mu\) and a highest weight vector \(v_\mu\) such that \(\langle v_\mu \, , e_\mu\rangle=1\). The \textit{Fourier transform} \(\mathcal F\) assigns to an integrable on \(U/K\) function \(f(u)\) the function \[ {\widetilde f} (\mu,b)=\int_{U/K} \, f(u) \, \langle \pi_\mu(k) v_\mu \, , \pi_\mu(u) e_\mu \rangle \, du, \eqno(1) \] where \(\mu\in\Lambda^+(U/K)\), \(b=kM\in K/M\). It intertwines actions of the group \(U\) on \(V_\mu\) and on \({\mathcal H}=L^2(K/M)\). The representation \(\pi_\mu\) of \(U\) can be extended to a representations of the group \(G_{\mathbb C}\). Hence, using the complexified Iwasawa projection we can replace the factor \(\langle \cdot \, , \, \cdot \rangle\) in (1) by \(\exp \{\mu(H(u^{-1}k))\}\) and extend to all \(\mu\in{\mathfrak a}^*_{\mathbb C}\). The \(K\)-finite Paley-Wiener space \(\text{PW}_{K,r}(\mathfrak a)\) consists of \(K\)-finite (as functions of \(b\in K/M\)) functions \(\varphi (\lambda,b)\) holomorphic in \(\lambda\in{\mathfrak a}^*_{\mathbb C}\) of uniform exponential type \(r>0\) and satisfying some symmetry conditions. These conditions correspond to elements of the Weyl group and use intertwining operators for representations of the spherical principal series of \(G\) acting on \(\mathcal H\). Let \(C^\infty_{K,r}(U/K)\) denote the space of \(K\)-finite functions in \(C^\infty(U/K)\) with support in \(\text{Exp} \,({\widetilde B}_r (0))\) where \({\widetilde B}_r (0)\) denotes the closed ball in \(\mathfrak q\) of radius \(r\) and center \(0\). There exists \(R>0\) such that \(\text{Exp} \,({\widetilde B}_r (0))\) contains in \(U\cap{\mathcal V}\). The main result of the paper is the following. There exists \(R>0\) such that the Fourier transform \(\mathcal F\) is a bijection of \(C^\infty_{K,r}(U/K)\) onto \(\text{PW}_{K,r}(\mathfrak a)\) for all \(r<R\). The corresponding result for Riemannian symmetric spaces of the non-compact type is due to \textit{S.~Helgason} [Ann. Math. (2) 98, 451--479 (1973; Zbl 0274.43013)].