Relatively spectral morphisms and applications to K-theory (Q999768)

Let \(A\), \(B\) be Banach algebras. A morphism \(\varphi:A\to B\) is called dense if its range is dense, and spectral if \(\text{sp}_B(\varphi(a))=\text{sp}_A(a)\) for any \(a\in A\). The author introduces a (formally) weaker notion of spectrality: \(\varphi\) is called relatively spectral if \(\text{sp}_B(\varphi(a))=\text{sp}_A(a)\) holds for all \(a\) in some dense subalgebra of \(A\). The density theorem in \(K\)-theory is generalized to the relative context: if \(\varphi:A\to B\) is dense and relatively spectral, then it induces an isomorphism in \(K\)-theory. Also, the connected stable ranks of \(A\) and \(B\) are the same in this case. It is also shown that these results still hold in a more general setting of good Fréchet algebras, where `good' means that the group of invertible elements is open and the inversion is continuous.