Khan isotherm model

generalized Langmuir–Freundlich adsorption isotherm

deterministic model, dimensional model, mathematical model, nonlinear model, static model

Description

The Khan isotherm model is a generalized adsorption isotherm developed to describe equilibrium adsorption in dilute solutions. It unifies the Langmuir and Freundlich models within a single mathematical framework by introducing a model exponent that controls surface heterogeneity. At a specific parameter limit, the model reduces to the Langmuir isotherm, while at high equilibrium concentrations it approaches Freundlich-type behavior. The model is applicable to single-component adsorption and was originally formulated to support extensions to multicomponent systems. It is widely used in environmental and chemical engineering studies of aqueous adsorption.

Contained entities

Khan isotherm equation	$q_{e} = \frac{q_{S K} b_{K} C_{e}}{(1 + b_{K} C_{e})^{a_{K}}}$
	$q_{e}$ represents adsorbed solute (equilibrium)
	$C_{e}$ represents solute concentration (equilibrium)
	$q_{S K}$ represents Khan theoretical isotherm saturation capacity
	$b_{K}$ represents Khan affinity parameter
	$a_{K}$ represents Khan heterogeneity exponent

Khan heterogeneity exponent constraint	$a_{K} > 0$	constraint
	$a_{K}$ represents Khan heterogeneity exponent

Computational tasks

nonlinear parameter estimation (Khan model)

References

A Generalized Equation for Adsorption Isotherms for Multi-Component Organic Pollutants in Dilute Aqueous Solution	(invention)
Monolayer and multilayer adsorption isotherm models for sorption from aqueous media	(review)

Specializations

Langmuir isotherm model, Freundlich isotherm model

Further links

Item	Property
chemical wastewater treatment	modelled by

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