Linear maps compressing the polynomial numerical hulls of matrices
Let \(n\geq 2\) be an integer and let \(\mathcal{M}_{n}\) be the algebra of all complex \(n\times n\) matrices. By \(T^{t}\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\) we denote the transpose and by \(T^{\ast }\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\) the conjugate transpose of \(T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\). Let \(\sigma (T)\) denote the spectrum of \(T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\). For \(T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\), we define its numerical range as \[ w(T)=\left\{ x^{\ast }Tx:x\in \mathbb{C}^{n},\left\Vert x\right\Vert =1\right\} . \] Let \(\mathcal{P}_{k}\) be the set of all polynomials with complex coefficients of degree at most \(k\) and let \(\left\Vert .\right\Vert\) denote the operator norm in \(\mathcal{M}_{n}\). The polynomial numerical hull of order \(k\geq 1\) of \(T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\) is defined as \[ V^{k}(T)=\left\{ \lambda \in \mathbb{C}:\left\vert p(\lambda )\right\vert \leq \left\Vert p(T)\right\Vert \text{ for every }p\in \mathcal{P}_{k}\right\} . \] Note that the concept of polynomial numerical hull extends the notion of numerical range of \(T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\), namely \(V^{1}(T)=w(T)\). In [Linear Algebra Appl. 575, 27--34 (2019; Zbl 1416.15021)], \textit{Gh. Aghamollaei} et al. characterized linear maps on \(\mathcal{M}_{n}\) which preserve the polynomial numerical hull of matrices of some fixed order \(k\). It turns out that for a linear map \(\Phi : \mathcal{M}_{n}\rightarrow \mathcal{M}_{n}\) and an integer \(k\) with \(1\leq k<n\) we have \[ V^{k}\left( \Phi (T)\right) =V^{k}(T)\quad \text{for every }T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}, \] if and only if there exists a unitary matrix \(U\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\) such that either \[ \Phi (T)=UTU^{\ast }\quad \text{for every }T\in \mathcal{M}_{n} \tag{1} \] or \[ \Phi (T)=UT^{t}U^{\ast }\quad \text{for every }T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}. \tag{2} \] In the present paper, the author studies linear maps \(\Phi\) on \(\mathcal{M}_{n}\) which compress the polynomial numerical hull of order \(k\), i.e., \[ V^{k}\left( \Phi (T)\right) \subseteq V^{k}(T)\quad \text{for every }T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}. \tag{3} \] He proves that when \(1<k<n\) and \(n\geq 3\), a linear map \(\Phi : \mathcal{M}_{n}\rightarrow \mathcal{M}_{n}\) satisfies (3) if and only if there exists a unitary matrix \(U\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\) such that \(\Phi\) is either of the form (1) or (2). The same conclusion holds if we replace (3) with \(V^{k}\left( \Phi (T)\right) \supseteq V^{k}(T)\) for every \(T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\). An example is presented which shows that if \(k=1\) we need to impose additional assumptions on the numerical range in order to have the compressing linear map \(\Phi\) in the form (1) or (2). The following result is then proved. Theorem. Suppose \(n\geq 2\) and let \(\Phi : \mathcal{M}_{n}\rightarrow \mathcal{M}_{n}\) be a linear map. Then \[ \sigma (T)\subseteq w(\Phi (T))\subseteq w(T)\quad \text{for every }T\in \mathcal{M}_{n} \tag{4} \] if and only if there exists a unitary matrix \(U\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\) such that \(\Phi\) is either of the form (1) or (2). The same conclusion holds when one replaces (4) with \[ \sigma (\Phi (T))\subseteq w(T)\subseteq w(\Phi (T))\quad \text{for every }T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}. \] The paper is concluded with some further remarks concerning linear maps \(\Phi\) on \(\mathcal{M}_{n}\) such that \(w(\Phi (T))\subseteq w(T)\) for each \(T\in \mathcal{M}_{n}\).
- Linear preservers of polynomial numerical hulls of matrices
- Linear maps preserving the polynomial numerical radius of matrices
- Linear maps transforming the higher numerical ranges
- Polynomial numerical hulls of matrices
- Linear maps preserving the higher numerical ranges of tensor products of matrices
- Completely positive linear maps on complex matrices
- Fields of values and iterative methods
- Generalizations of the field of values useful in the study of polynomial functions of a matrix
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 556557 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3806277 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3413349 (Why is no real title available?)
- Linear Operators Preserving the Numerical Radius of Matrices
- Linear preservers of polynomial numerical hulls of matrices
- Linear Transformations on Algebras of Matrices
- Linear Transformations on Algebras of Matrices: The Invariance of the Elementary Symmetric Functions
- Linear transformations which preserve Hermitian and positive semidefinite operators
- Linear transformations which preserve Hermitian matrices
- Normality and the numerical range
- On linear transformations preserving at least one eigenvalue
- On maps compressing the numerical range between \(C^*\)-algebras
- Polynomial numerical hulls of matrices
- Positive operators and an inertia theorem
- The polynomial numerical hulls of Jordan blocks and related matrices.
- Upper and lower bounds on norms of functions of matrices
This page was built for publication: Linear maps compressing the polynomial numerical hulls of matrices
Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q2070837)
