Local algebra. Transl. from the French by CheeWhye Chin
This is an English translation of \textit{J.-P. Serre}'s famous lecture notes ``Algèbre locale. Multiplicités, first appeared as Cours professé au Collège de France 1957/58 (written by \textit{P. Gabriel}; Zbl 0091.03701) and then as Lect. Notes Math. 11 (1965; Zbl 0142.28603). This book has served generations of mathematicians who wanted to study homological methods in commutative algebra and, above all, the theory of intersection multiplicity. As Serre wrote in the introduction, the main purpose of this course is to prove that the intersection multiplicities of algebraic geometry are equal to some Euler-Poincaré characteristics constructed by means of the Tor functor. To do this he had to recall almost all basic results of local algebra including many homological concepts which became standard now in commutative algebra. Let \(A\) be a regular local ring. For every couple of finitely generated \(A\)-modules \(M\) and \(N\) such that \(M \otimes_k N\) has finite length, the intersection multiplicity of \(M\) and \(N\) is defined as \(\chi(M,N) := \sum_{i=0}^d(-1)^i\text{length(Tor}_i^A(M,N))\). The link to intersection multiplicities in algebraic geometry has led to the conjectures: (1) \(\chi(M,N) = 0\) if \(\dim M + \dim N < \dim A\) (vanishing). (2) \(\chi(M,N) > 0\) if \(\dim M + \dim N = \dim A\) (non-vanishing). In this course, Serre proved these conjectures for regular local rings containing a field. However, his proof broke down in the ramified case. The vanishing conjecture was solved for the general case 30 years later independently by \textit{P. Roberts} [Bull. Am. Soc., New Ser. 13, 127-130 (1985; Zbl 0585.13004)] and \textit{H. Gillet} and \textit{C. Soulé} [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 300, 71-74 (1985; Zbl 0587.13007)]. But the non-vanishing conjecture has remained open until today. Recently, \textit{O. Gabber} proved \(\chi(M,N) \geq 0\) by using a major result on resolution of singularities [see \textit{P. Berthelot} in: Séminaire Bourbaki, Vol. 1995/96, Astérisque 241, 273-311, exposé 815 (1997; Zbl 0924.14007)]. This development demonstrates that Serre's course is still actual. The translation differs from the previous editions in the following aspects: The terminology and references have been brought up to date; some proofs have been rewritten or clarified; some new sections have been added such as chapter II, A.8 (adic filtrations), chapter IV, D.5 (regularity in ring extensions), appendix III with 5 sections (graded algebras), index, index of notations. Serre's course is a book which can be profitably read and reread by beginner and expert alike.
- Recent developments on Serre's multiplicity conjectures: Gabber's proof of the nonnegativity conjecture
- On the vanishing and the positivity of intersection multiplicities over local rings with small non complete intersection loci
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- The theory of multidimensional persistence
- On the branch locus of quotients by finite groups and the depth of the algebra of invariants
- Recent developments on Serre's multiplicity conjectures: Gabber's proof of the nonnegativity conjecture
- Equivariant basic cohomology of Riemannian foliations
- Koszul almost complete intersections
- Entropy in the category of perfect complexes with cohomology of finite length
- Samuel multiplicity and the structure of semi-Fredholm operators
- A criterion for regular sequences
- Unexpected surfaces singular on lines in \(\mathbb{P}^3\)
- Non-formality in PIN(2)-monopole Floer homology
- New analytical and geometrical aspects of the algebraic multiplicity
- Generalizations of graded second submodules
- On the splitting principle for cohomological invariants of reflection groups
- The syzygies of the ideal (x₁^N, x₂^N, x₃^N, x₄^N) in the hypersurface ring defined by x₁^n + x₂^n + x₃^n + x₄^n
- Very stable Higgs bundles, equivariant multiplicity and mirror symmetry
- Reducing submodules of Hilbert modules and Chevalley-Shephard-Todd theorem
- Annihilators of Koszul homologies and almost complete intersections
- The finiteness of the genus of a finite-dimensional division algebra, and some generalizations
- Betti numbers of Koszul algebras defined by four quadrics
- Effective Bertini theorem and formulas for multiplicity and the local Łojasiewicz exponent
- Vector bundles on the moduli stack of elliptic curves
- Homology of perfect complexes
- Inertial and Hodge-Tate weights of crystalline representations
- Fiber dimension for invariant subspaces
- A transformation rule for the index of commuting operators
- Divergent series and Serre's intersection formula for graded rings
- Lower bounds on projective levels of complexes
- On 2-adic deformations
- Derived McKay correspondence via pure-sheaf transforms
- A criterion for regularity of local rings
- Continuous rational functions on real and \(p\)-adic varieties
- Heights of Kudla-Rapoport divisors and derivatives of \(L\)-functions
- Equivariant basic cohomology under deformations
- A simplicial calculus for local intersection numbers at non-Archimedian places on products of semi-stable curves
- Counting multiplicities in a hypersurface over a finite field
- Control theorems for fine Selmer groups
- The cone spanned by maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules and an application
- Effectivity of dynatomic cycles for morphisms of projective varieties using deformation theory
- A degree formula for equivariant cohomology
- The grade conjecture and asymptotic intersection multiplicity
- Geometric idealizer rings.
- Fibers of characters in Gelfand-Tsetlin categories.
- On the Chern number of an ideal
- The Multiplicity Polar Theorem and isolated singularities
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- Moment angle complexes and big Cohen-Macaulayness
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- Almost étale extensions of Fontaine rings and log-crystalline cohomology in the semi-stable reduction case
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- Exponential growth of torsion in abelian coverings
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- Complex multiplication cycles and Kudla-Rapoport divisors
- Nonnoetherian coordinate rings with unique maximal depictions
- On the de Rham homology and cohomology of a complete local ring in equicharacteristic zero
- Adic reduction to the diagonal and a relation between cofiniteness and derived completion
- Eigenvalue coincidences and \(K\)-orbits. I
- A logical calculus for controlled monotonicity
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- Han's conjecture and Hochschild homology for null-square projective algebras
- Graded -2-absorbing hyperideals in graded multiplicative hyperrings
- Reduced invariants from cuspidal maps
- Lecture notes on local rings. Edited by Holger Andreas Nielsen
- A note on the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity of a parameter module
- Fine Deligne-Lusztig varieties and arithmetic fundamental lemmas
- Tilting, cotilting, and spectra of commutative Noetherian rings
- Curvilinear base points, local complete intersection and Koszul syzygies in biprojective spaces
- Determination of all rational preperiodic points for morphisms of PN
- Quadratic-monomial generated domains from mixed signed, directed graphs
- Intersections of Algebraic and Algebroid Varieties
- Counting lines on projective surfaces
- A generalization of graded prime hyperideals over graded multiplicative hyperrings
- Dichotomous point counts over finite fields
- Ulrich modules and weakly lim Ulrich sequences do not always exist
- On graded 2-absorbing primary hyperideals of a graded multiplicative hyperring
- Vanishing of Tors of absolute integral closures in equicharacteristic zero
- Linear optimization on varieties and Chern-Mather classes
- Results on the algebraic matroid of the determinantal variety
- Multidegrees, prime ideals, and non-standard gradings
- An additive formula for Samuel multiplicities on Hilbert spaces of analytic functions
- On some conjectures about the Chern numbers of filtrations
- Operator index of a nonsingular algebraic curve
- A comparison theorem for semi-abelian schemes over a smooth curve
- Frobenius-Poincaré function and Hilbert-Kunz multiplicity
- Comparing direct limit and inverse limit of even \(K\)-groups in multiple \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extensions
- Conjectures and results on modular representations of \(\operatorname{GL}_n(K)\) for a \(p\)-adic field \(K\)
- Regularity of semi-valuation rings and homotopy invariance of algebraic K-theory
- On the ext analog of the Euler characteristic
- A solution to Itoh's conjecture for integral closure filtration
- On even K-groups over p-adic Lie extensions of global function fields
- On the completed tensor product of two preadic algebras over a field
- Modules of derivations, logarithmic ideals and singularities of maps on analytic varieties
- Ind-étale versus formally étale
- The orbifold DT/PT vertex correspondence
- On the codescent of étale wild kernels in p-adic Lie extensions
- Ideals of rings of differential operators on algebraic curves (with an appendix by George Wilson).
- Noncommutative Iwasawa theory of abelian varieties over global function fields
- Odd orthogonal matrices and the non-injectivity of the Vaserstein symbol
- Kudla's modularity conjecture on integral models of orthogonal Shimura varieties
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