Long-time dynamics of Kirchhoff wave models with strong nonlinear damping

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2011.08.022MaRDI QIDQ652476zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 14 December 2011

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.6271

global attractor nonlinear Kirchhoff wave model state-dependent nonlocal damping supercritical source well-posedness

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Attractors (35B41) Stability problems for infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems (37L15) Attractors and their dimensions, Lyapunov exponents for infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems (37L30)

Abstract: We study well-posedness and long-time dynamics of a class of quasilinear wave equations with a strong damping. We accept the Kirchhoff hypotheses and assume that the stiffness and damping coefficients are

C^{1}

functions of the

L_{2}

-norm of the gradient of the displacement. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions and study their properties for a rather wide class of nonlinearities which covers the case of possible degeneration (or even negativity) of the stiffness coefficient and the case of a supercritical source term. Our main results deal with global attractors. In the case of strictly positive stiffness factors we prove that in the natural energy space endowed with a partially strong topology there exists a global attractor whose fractal dimension is finite. In the non-supercritical case the partially strong topology becomes strong and a finite dimensional attractor exists in the strong topology of the energy space. Moreover, in this case we also establish the existence of a fractal exponential attractor and give conditions that guarantee the existence of a finite number of determining functionals. Our arguments involve a recently developed method based on "compensated" compactness and quasi-stability estimates.

Review text

The author considers the equation \(\partial_{tt} u - \sigma \Delta \partial_t u - \phi \Delta u + f(u) = h(x) \) in a bounded domain \(\Omega \subset R^d\), where the coefficients \(\sigma\), \(\phi\) depend on the \(L^2\)-norm of \(\nabla u\). The assumptions require that \(\sigma\) is positive but allow \(\phi\) to be non-positive. Nonlinearity of \(f\) can have supercritical growth, in which case one requires lower bounds of the same order. The author proves the existence of a unique solution satisfying the energy equality. Under slightly stronger assumptions, the dissipativity and existence of a finite-dimensional attractor are also proved. The mathematical techniques used in the paper are more or less standard for this type of problems: testing the equation by \((-\Delta)^{-1}u_t\) in the proof of uniqueness overcomes the lack of regularity of \(u_t\). Secondly, because of the \(f(u)\) term in the supercritical case, the phase space includes \(L^{p+1}\)-weak topology, where the lack of compactness is overcome by the energy equality, which in turn rests on the aforementioned coerciveness of \(f\).

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