Modular generalizations of Schur numbers
A set of integers \(S\) is called \(l\)-sum-free modulo \(m\) if it does not contain the residue (modulo \(m\)) of any sum of \(l\) not necessarily distinct elements of \(S\). The generalized Schur number modulo \(m\), denoted by \(S_{m}(l,k)\), is the largest positive integer \(N\) such that the set \(\{1,\dots{},N\}\) has a partition into \(k\ l\)-sum-free sets (some of which may be empty). In this paper, the authors compute some exact values of \(S_{m}(l,k)\). In particular, they establish a condition under which a singleton is not \(l\)-sum-free modulo \(m\) and, as a corollary, they obtain general values of \(S_{m}(l,k)\). Furthermore, they compute \(S_{p^{j}}(l,k)\), where \(p\) is a prime and \(l \ge p^{j} - 1\). Using these results, the authors find the new exact values of \(S_{m}(l,k)\) for \(m = 4,5,6,7\). In the last section of the paper, the authors mention an open problem and give some suggestions for further research.
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