New construction methods of quaternary periodic complementary sequence sets
The periodic complementary sequence (PCS) set is a set of periodic sequences such that the sum of all non-trivial periodic autocorrelation functions of sequences in the set is zero. This paper proposes two ways to construct quaternary periodic complementary sequence sets from any binary periodic complementary sequence set with even period. It is well known that a quaternary sequence \(\{u(t)\}\) can be constructed from two binary sequences \(\{r(t)\}, \{s(t)\}\) of the same period using a Gray mapping \(\phi\), i.e., \( u(t) = \phi[r(t), s(t)] \). Let \(\mathcal{B} = \{ b_i (t) \mid 0 \leq i \leq M-1\}\) be a binary PCS set with \(M\) sequences of period \(N\). The first result in this paper (Theorem 1) constructs a quaternary PCS set \(\mathcal{G} = \{g_i(t) \mid 0 \leq i \leq M-1 \}\) where each quaternary sequence \(g_i(t)\) is defined by \(g_i(t) = \phi[b_i(t), b_i(t+N/2)]\). Instead of using a single binary sequence in the Gray mapping construction in Theorem 1, the second method (Theorem 2) uses every two adjacent binary periodic complementary sequences in set \(\mathcal{B}\) to construct each pair of quaternary sequences in the quaternary PCS set \(\mathcal{Q} = \{ q_i(t) \mid 0\leq i \leq M-1\}\), by taking phase shift for each binary PCS in \(\mathcal{B}\) respectively. Namely, \(q_{2k}(t) = \phi[b_{2k}(t), b_{2k+1}(t+N/2)]\) and \(q_{2k+1}(t) = \phi[b_{2k+1}(t), b_{2k}(t+N/2)]\). However, in the case that \(M\) is odd, the last quaternary sequence in \(\mathcal{Q}\) is constructed from the last binary PCS in \(\mathcal{B}\) using the first construction. The proofs of theorems rely on Krone and Sarwate's result (Lemma 1) of cross-correlation functions of quaternary sequences constructed by Gray mappings. Two examples are also given in the paper.
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