New tools for classifying Hamiltonian circle actions with isolated fixed points

DOI10.1007/S10208-014-9204-1MaRDI QIDQ404273zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 4 September 2014

Published in Foundations of Computational Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.3195

circle actions equivariant cohomology fixed points

Obstructions to group actions ((K)-theoretic aspects) (19J35) Dynamical systems involving transformations and group actions with special properties (minimality, distality, proximality, expansivity, etc.) (37B05) Momentum maps; symplectic reduction (53D20) Compact Lie groups of differentiable transformations (57S15)

Abstract: For every compact almost complex manifold (M,J) equipped with a J-preserving circle action with isolated fixed points, a simple algebraic identity involving the first Chern class is derived. This enables us to construct an algorithm to obtain linear relations among the isotropy weights at the fixed points. Suppose that M is symplectic and the action is Hamiltonian. If the manifold satisfies an extra "positivity condition" this algorithm determines a family of vector spaces which contain the admissible lattices of weights. When the number of fixed points is minimal, this positivity condition is necessarily satisfied whenever dim(M)< 8, and, when dim(M)=8, whenever the S^1-action extends to an effective Hamiltonian T^2-action, or none of the isotropy weights is 1. Moreover there are no known examples with a minimal number of fixed points contradicting this condition, and their existence is related to interesting questions regarding fake projective spaces [Y]. We run the algorithm for dim(M)< 10, quickly obtaining all the possible families of isotropy weights. In particular, we simplify the proofs of Ahara and Tolman for dim(M)=6 [Ah,T1] and, when dim(M)=8, we prove that the equivariant cohomology ring, Chern classes and isotropy weights agree with the ones of C P^4 with the standard S^1-action (thus proving the symplectic Petrie conjecture [T1] in this setting).

Review text

Let \((M,J)\) be a compact almost complex manifold equipped with a \(J\)-preserving circle action with isolated fixed points. For each fixed point \(P\) there exists a well-defined multiset of integers, the weights of the isotropy \(S^1\)-representation on \(T_P M\). The natural problem of describing all possible weights is considered. Firstly, the authors derive the identity involving the Chern number \(c_1c_{n-1}[M]\): \[ \int_M c_1c_{n-1}=\sum_{p=0}^n N_p(6p(p-1)+(5n-3n^2)/2), \] where \(N_p\) is the number of fixed points with exactly \(p\) negative weights. Using this identity, an algorithm for obtaining linear relations among the isotropy weights at the fixed points is constructed. Suppose that \(M\) is symplectic and the action is Hamiltonian. If the manifold satisfies an extra ``positivity condition, the algorithm determines a family of vector spaces which contain the admissible lattices of weights. Applying the algorithm, all possible families of isotropy weights are obtained for \(\dim(M)< 8\) and minimal number of fixed points (then, the positivity condition is always satisfied). In dimension 6, this gives another proof of the results of \textit{K. Ahara} [J. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo, Sect. I A 38, No. 1, 47--72 (1991; Zbl 0738.53020)] and \textit{S. Tolman} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 362, No. 8, 3963--3996 (2010; Zbl 1216.53074)]. When \(\dim(M)=8\) and the number of fixed point is minimal (i.e, equals to 5), the positivity condition holds if the \(S^1\)-action can be extended to an effective Hamiltonian \(T^2\)-action, or none of the isotropy weights is 1. In that case, it is proved that the equivariant cohomology ring, Chern classes and isotropy weights agree with that of the complex projective space \(\mathbb{CP}^4\) with the standard \(S^1\)-action, which is in agreement with a symplectic variant of Petrie's conjecture [Tolman, loc. cit.].

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