12, 24 and beyond

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2017.08.023MaRDI QIDQ2404643zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Leonor Godinho, Frederik von Heymann, Silvia Sabatini

Publication date 19 September 2017

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.00277

zbMATH Keywords

monotone symplectic manifoldreflexive polytope

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fano varieties (14J45) Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies (14M25) Lattice polytopes in convex geometry (including relations with commutative algebra and algebraic geometry) (52B20) Momentum maps; symplectic reduction (53D20)

Abstract: We generalize the well-known "12" and "24" Theorems for reflexive polytopes of dimension 2 and 3 to any smooth reflexive polytope. Our methods apply to a wider category of objects, here called reflexive GKM graphs, that are associated with certain monotone symplectic manifolds which do not necessarily admit a toric action. As an application, we provide bounds on the Betti numbers for certain monotone Hamiltonian spaces which depend on the minimal Chern number of the manifold.

Review text

A polytope \(P \subset \mathbb R^d\) is \textit{reflexive} if both \(P\) and its dual \(P^*\) are \textit{lattice polytopes}, i.e., their vertices are in \(\mathbb Z^d\). Let \(l(e)\) denote the \textit{lattice length} of the edge \(e\) of \(P\), i.e., the number of integer lattice points on \(e\) minus 1. The numbers 12 and 24 in the title of the paper stem from the curious facts that for a reflexive 2-polytope \(P\), the sum of the edge lengths of \(P\) and \(P^*\) equals 12, and for a reflexive 3-polytope \(P\), the sum of \(l(e) \, l(e^*)\) equals 24; here \(e^*\) denotes the edge of \(P^*\) that is dual to \(e\) [\textit{V. V. Batyrev} and \textit{D. I. Dais}, Topology 35, No. 4, 901--929 (1996; Zbl 0864.14022)]. The paper under review generalizes this result to any smooth reflexive polytope. (A lattice \(d\)-polytope is \textit{smooth} if the primitive edge direction at any vertex form a basis of \(\mathbb Z^d\).) More precisely, the paper proves that the sum of the edge lengths of a smooth reflexive \(d\)-polytope \(P\) equals \(12 f_2 + (5-3d) f_1\), where \(f_1\) and \(f_2\) are the numbers of edges and 2-faces of \(P\), respectively. The authors give two proofs of this result, one purely combinatorial and the other using symplectic toric geometry. The latter proof applies to a wider category of objects, which the authors call \textit{GKM graphs} and which are associated with certain monotone symplectic manifolds.

Recommendations

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Cited in

(22)

• Flow polytopes and the graph of reflexive polytopes
• An invitation to circle actions
• Pseudo-rotations and Steenrod squares
• Many faces of symmetric edge polytopes
• Symplectic and Kähler structures on \(\mathbb{C}P^1\)-bundles over \(\mathbb{C}P^2\)
• Hamiltonian S^1-spaces with large equivariant pseudo-index
• The depth of a reflexive polytope
• On the twelve-point theorem for \(\ell\)-reflexive polygons
• Maximum likelihood estimation of toric Fano varieties
• On topological properties of positive complexity one spaces
• Reflexive polytopes of higher index and the number 12
• On the Chern numbers and the Hilbert polynomial of an almost complex manifold with a circle action
• 26 implies the Bimonster
• Likelihood geometry of reflexive polytopes
• Monotone symplectic six-manifolds that admit a Hamiltonian GKM action are diffeomorphic to smooth Fano threefolds
• Cohomological localization for Hamiltonian S^1-actions and symmetries of complete intersections
• Toric geometry. Abstracts from the workshop held April 6--11, 2025
• LDP polygons and the number 12 revisited
• On a symplectic generalization of a Hirzebruch problem
• GKM actions on almost quaternionic manifolds
• Ewald's conjecture and integer points in algebraic and symplectic toric geometry
• Compact monotone tall complexity one T-spaces

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