New tools for classifying Hamiltonian circle actions with isolated fixed points (Q404273)

Let \((M,J)\) be a compact almost complex manifold equipped with a \(J\)-preserving circle action with isolated fixed points. For each fixed point \(P\) there exists a well-defined multiset of integers, the weights of the isotropy \(S^1\)-representation on \(T_P M\). The natural problem of describing all possible weights is considered. Firstly, the authors derive the identity involving the Chern number \(c_1c_{n-1}[M]\): \[ \int_M c_1c_{n-1}=\sum_{p=0}^n N_p(6p(p-1)+(5n-3n^2)/2), \] where \(N_p\) is the number of fixed points with exactly \(p\) negative weights. Using this identity, an algorithm for obtaining linear relations among the isotropy weights at the fixed points is constructed. Suppose that \(M\) is symplectic and the action is Hamiltonian. If the manifold satisfies an extra ``positivity condition'', the algorithm determines a family of vector spaces which contain the admissible lattices of weights. Applying the algorithm, all possible families of isotropy weights are obtained for \(\dim(M)< 8\) and minimal number of fixed points (then, the positivity condition is always satisfied). In dimension 6, this gives another proof of the results of \textit{K. Ahara} [J. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo, Sect. I A 38, No. 1, 47--72 (1991; Zbl 0738.53020)] and \textit{S. Tolman} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 362, No. 8, 3963--3996 (2010; Zbl 1216.53074)]. When \(\dim(M)=8\) and the number of fixed point is minimal (i.e, equals to 5), the positivity condition holds if the \(S^1\)-action can be extended to an effective Hamiltonian \(T^2\)-action, or none of the isotropy weights is 1. In that case, it is proved that the equivariant cohomology ring, Chern classes and isotropy weights agree with that of the complex projective space \(\mathbb{CP}^4\) with the standard \(S^1\)-action, which is in agreement with a symplectic variant of Petrie's conjecture [Tolman, loc. cit.].